TY  - JOUR
AU  - Drpić, Aleksandar D.
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1339
AB  - Cilj ovog rada je analiza hemijskog sastava tretiranog i netretiranog iverja drveta poljskog jasena (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soó & Simon). U cilju utvrđivanja uticaja predtretmana vrelom vodom na promene hemijskog sastava, određivan je sadržaj vlage, celuloze, lignina, minerala (pepela), ekstraktiva rastvorljivih u vreloj vodi, ekstraktiva rastvorljivih u organskim rastvaračima, za tretirano i za netretirano drvno iverje pomenute vrste. Rad je urađen u skladu sa standardnim metodama TAPPI i ASTM. Svojstva drvnog iverja tretiranog 30 min i 60 min upoređena su sa netretiranim drvnim iverjom i definisane su promene u hemijskom sastavu koje su nastale kao rezultat primenjenih tretmana. Istraživanje je obavljeno u kontrolisanim uslovima u laboratoriji, a rezultati tretmana su bili predmet uporedne analize. Primenjeni tretmani su statistički značajno uticali na smanjenje sadržaja ekstraktiva. Sadržaj celuloze i hemiceluloza povećan je kod tretiranog drvnog iverja u odnosu na netretirano, dok se sadržaj lignina nije značajno promenio.
AB  - The goal of this paper is to analyze the chemical composition of untreated and treated wooden chips from the native narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soó & Simon). In order to determine the effect of pretreatment with liquid hot water (LHW) on changes in chemical composition, the content of moisture, cellulose, lignin, minerals (ash), extractives soluble in hot water, extractives soluble in organic solvents, for treated and for untreated wooden chips was determined. This was done in accordance with TAPPI and ASTM standard methods. The properties of wooden chips, treated for 30 min and 60 min at a temperature of 100 °C, are compared to untreated wooden chips and changes in the chemical composition that occurred are defined as a result of the applied treatments. The research was performed under controlled conditions in a laboratory, and the results of treatments were the subject of comparative analysis. Applied treatments had a statistically significant effect on decreasing the content of extractives. The content of cellulose and hemicellulose increased in the treated wooden chips compared to untreated wooden chips, while the lignin content did not significantly change.
PB  - Univerzitet u Nišu - Tehnološki fakultet, Leskovac
T2  - Advanced Technologies
T1  - Analiza uticaja predtretmana vrelom vodom (LHW) na hemijski sastav drvnog iverja
T1  - Analysis of the influence of pre-treatment with liquid hot water (LHW) on the chemical composition of wooden chips
EP  - 47
IS  - 2
SP  - 40
VL  - 11
DO  - 10.5937/savteh2202040D
UR  - conv_795
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Drpić, Aleksandar D. and Popović, Jasmina and Popović, Mlađan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Cilj ovog rada je analiza hemijskog sastava tretiranog i netretiranog iverja drveta poljskog jasena (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soó & Simon). U cilju utvrđivanja uticaja predtretmana vrelom vodom na promene hemijskog sastava, određivan je sadržaj vlage, celuloze, lignina, minerala (pepela), ekstraktiva rastvorljivih u vreloj vodi, ekstraktiva rastvorljivih u organskim rastvaračima, za tretirano i za netretirano drvno iverje pomenute vrste. Rad je urađen u skladu sa standardnim metodama TAPPI i ASTM. Svojstva drvnog iverja tretiranog 30 min i 60 min upoređena su sa netretiranim drvnim iverjom i definisane su promene u hemijskom sastavu koje su nastale kao rezultat primenjenih tretmana. Istraživanje je obavljeno u kontrolisanim uslovima u laboratoriji, a rezultati tretmana su bili predmet uporedne analize. Primenjeni tretmani su statistički značajno uticali na smanjenje sadržaja ekstraktiva. Sadržaj celuloze i hemiceluloza povećan je kod tretiranog drvnog iverja u odnosu na netretirano, dok se sadržaj lignina nije značajno promenio., The goal of this paper is to analyze the chemical composition of untreated and treated wooden chips from the native narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soó & Simon). In order to determine the effect of pretreatment with liquid hot water (LHW) on changes in chemical composition, the content of moisture, cellulose, lignin, minerals (ash), extractives soluble in hot water, extractives soluble in organic solvents, for treated and for untreated wooden chips was determined. This was done in accordance with TAPPI and ASTM standard methods. The properties of wooden chips, treated for 30 min and 60 min at a temperature of 100 °C, are compared to untreated wooden chips and changes in the chemical composition that occurred are defined as a result of the applied treatments. The research was performed under controlled conditions in a laboratory, and the results of treatments were the subject of comparative analysis. Applied treatments had a statistically significant effect on decreasing the content of extractives. The content of cellulose and hemicellulose increased in the treated wooden chips compared to untreated wooden chips, while the lignin content did not significantly change.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Nišu - Tehnološki fakultet, Leskovac",
journal = "Advanced Technologies",
title = "Analiza uticaja predtretmana vrelom vodom (LHW) na hemijski sastav drvnog iverja, Analysis of the influence of pre-treatment with liquid hot water (LHW) on the chemical composition of wooden chips",
pages = "47-40",
number = "2",
volume = "11",
doi = "10.5937/savteh2202040D",
url = "conv_795"
}

Drpić, A. D., Popović, J., Popović, M.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2022). Analiza uticaja predtretmana vrelom vodom (LHW) na hemijski sastav drvnog iverja. in Advanced Technologies
Univerzitet u Nišu - Tehnološki fakultet, Leskovac., 11(2), 40-47.
https://doi.org/10.5937/savteh2202040D
conv_795

Drpić AD, Popović J, Popović M, Điporović-Momčilović M. Analiza uticaja predtretmana vrelom vodom (LHW) na hemijski sastav drvnog iverja. in Advanced Technologies. 2022;11(2):40-47.
doi:10.5937/savteh2202040D
conv_795 .

Drpić, Aleksandar D., Popović, Jasmina, Popović, Mlađan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Analiza uticaja predtretmana vrelom vodom (LHW) na hemijski sastav drvnog iverja" in Advanced Technologies, 11, no. 2 (2022):40-47,
https://doi.org/10.5937/savteh2202040D .,
conv_795 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Vukić, Nevena
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Ristić, Ivan
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1346
AB  - Addition of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) on the performances of ureaformaldehyde (UF) adhesives was evaluated in this work. Three types of UF adhesives were prepared, one without PDDA addition, and two types with PDDA addition of 1 and 3 wt.% per dry UF adhesive mass. These UF adhesive systems were used for producing experimental particleboard panels. The addition of PDDA decreased the thickness swelling of the panel samples, while the internal bond of the particleboards increased significantly only at the highest PDDA content (3 wt.%). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied to address the influence of PDDA on UF adhesive curing kinetics. DSC scans were performed in non-isothermal regimes using different heating rates (5, 10, and 20 degrees C.min(-1)). The activation energy (Ea) of the curing reaction showed slightly lower values for the UF adhesive systems containing PDDA. However, the peak temperatures and enthalpy of reaction did not change significantly. The Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose and Friedman iso-conversional methods were applied to investigate the effects of PDDA addition on the UF adhesive curing process.
PB  - Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd
T2  - Hemijska industrija
T1  - Effects of Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) addition on the curing kinetics of urea-formaldehyde adhesives for particleboards
EP  - 28
IS  - 1
SP  - 19
VL  - 76
DO  - 10.2298/HEMIND210914001P
UR  - conv_1618
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Mlađan and Vukić, Nevena and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Popović, Jasmina and Ristić, Ivan",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Addition of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) on the performances of ureaformaldehyde (UF) adhesives was evaluated in this work. Three types of UF adhesives were prepared, one without PDDA addition, and two types with PDDA addition of 1 and 3 wt.% per dry UF adhesive mass. These UF adhesive systems were used for producing experimental particleboard panels. The addition of PDDA decreased the thickness swelling of the panel samples, while the internal bond of the particleboards increased significantly only at the highest PDDA content (3 wt.%). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied to address the influence of PDDA on UF adhesive curing kinetics. DSC scans were performed in non-isothermal regimes using different heating rates (5, 10, and 20 degrees C.min(-1)). The activation energy (Ea) of the curing reaction showed slightly lower values for the UF adhesive systems containing PDDA. However, the peak temperatures and enthalpy of reaction did not change significantly. The Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose and Friedman iso-conversional methods were applied to investigate the effects of PDDA addition on the UF adhesive curing process.",
publisher = "Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd",
journal = "Hemijska industrija",
title = "Effects of Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) addition on the curing kinetics of urea-formaldehyde adhesives for particleboards",
pages = "28-19",
number = "1",
volume = "76",
doi = "10.2298/HEMIND210914001P",
url = "conv_1618"
}

Popović, M., Vukić, N., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Budinski-Simendić, J., Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Popović, J.,& Ristić, I.. (2022). Effects of Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) addition on the curing kinetics of urea-formaldehyde adhesives for particleboards. in Hemijska industrija
Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd., 76(1), 19-28.
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND210914001P
conv_1618

Popović M, Vukić N, Điporović-Momčilović M, Budinski-Simendić J, Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Popović J, Ristić I. Effects of Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) addition on the curing kinetics of urea-formaldehyde adhesives for particleboards. in Hemijska industrija. 2022;76(1):19-28.
doi:10.2298/HEMIND210914001P
conv_1618 .

Popović, Mlađan, Vukić, Nevena, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Popović, Jasmina, Ristić, Ivan, "Effects of Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) addition on the curing kinetics of urea-formaldehyde adhesives for particleboards" in Hemijska industrija, 76, no. 1 (2022):19-28,
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND210914001P .,
conv_1618 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Svrzić, Srđan
AU  - Gajić, Milica
AU  - Maletić, Slavica
AU  - Dodevski, Vladimir
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Krstić, Sanja
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1359
AB  - There is an increased research interest in methods for transparent wood production and its use. Wood transparency could be achieved by its delignification followed by an impregnation process with polymers having proper optical properties. However, delignification processes are mainly time consuming and not environmentally friendly. The possibility of treating mahogany wood (Swietenia macrophylla King) with 20% hydrogen peroxide for 70, 100, 135, and 170 min at 103 degrees C is presented in this research. According to the treatment duration, lignin content decreased 40 to 94% relative to its initial content in the control samples, whilst the cell structure remained intact. Due to the light scatter effect, caused mainly by wood tissue structure, the direct optical transmittance of treated samples in the visible light spectrum (400 to 800 nm) was less than 40%. Simultaneously, the total optical transmittance of samples treated for 100 and 135 min reached values between 70 to 80% with high values of the haze at approximately 30 and 60%. Optical transmittance in the visible spectrum area of the samples treated for 170 min was from 45 to 80% and the haze from 25 to 45%.
T2  - BioResources
T1  - Light Transmittance of Mahogany Wood Treated with 20% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution
EP  - 5935
IS  - 4
SP  - 5919
VL  - 17
DO  - 10.15376/biores.17.4.5919-5935
UR  - conv_1670
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Jasmina and Svrzić, Srđan and Gajić, Milica and Maletić, Slavica and Dodevski, Vladimir and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Krstić, Sanja and Popović, Mlađan",
year = "2022",
abstract = "There is an increased research interest in methods for transparent wood production and its use. Wood transparency could be achieved by its delignification followed by an impregnation process with polymers having proper optical properties. However, delignification processes are mainly time consuming and not environmentally friendly. The possibility of treating mahogany wood (Swietenia macrophylla King) with 20% hydrogen peroxide for 70, 100, 135, and 170 min at 103 degrees C is presented in this research. According to the treatment duration, lignin content decreased 40 to 94% relative to its initial content in the control samples, whilst the cell structure remained intact. Due to the light scatter effect, caused mainly by wood tissue structure, the direct optical transmittance of treated samples in the visible light spectrum (400 to 800 nm) was less than 40%. Simultaneously, the total optical transmittance of samples treated for 100 and 135 min reached values between 70 to 80% with high values of the haze at approximately 30 and 60%. Optical transmittance in the visible spectrum area of the samples treated for 170 min was from 45 to 80% and the haze from 25 to 45%.",
journal = "BioResources",
title = "Light Transmittance of Mahogany Wood Treated with 20% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution",
pages = "5935-5919",
number = "4",
volume = "17",
doi = "10.15376/biores.17.4.5919-5935",
url = "conv_1670"
}

Popović, J., Svrzić, S., Gajić, M., Maletić, S., Dodevski, V., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Krstić, S.,& Popović, M.. (2022). Light Transmittance of Mahogany Wood Treated with 20% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution. in BioResources, 17(4), 5919-5935.
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.4.5919-5935
conv_1670

Popović J, Svrzić S, Gajić M, Maletić S, Dodevski V, Điporović-Momčilović M, Krstić S, Popović M. Light Transmittance of Mahogany Wood Treated with 20% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution. in BioResources. 2022;17(4):5919-5935.
doi:10.15376/biores.17.4.5919-5935
conv_1670 .

Popović, Jasmina, Svrzić, Srđan, Gajić, Milica, Maletić, Slavica, Dodevski, Vladimir, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Krstić, Sanja, Popović, Mlađan, "Light Transmittance of Mahogany Wood Treated with 20% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution" in BioResources, 17, no. 4 (2022):5919-5935,
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.4.5919-5935 .,
conv_1670 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kalem, Miljan
AU  - Lečić-Cvetković, Danica
AU  - Lazarević, Aleksandra
AU  - Glavonjić, Branko
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1304
AB  - This paper present analyzes the research results of business information systems (BIS) application in the wood industry companies in the Republic of Serbia. The main objective of this paper is to research the reasons for BIS application in the business of these companies. An additional objective is to determine the criteria for BIS introduction and selection in their company. Also, some of the additional objectives are to determine the introduction of the BIS strategy and analyze what software companies use. This paper aims to imply to wood industry companies the most popular way of BIS introduction and indicate to most popular software in the Serbian wood industry. The research results show that the largest number is decided for the Frontal introduction of BIS. Also, research results indicate that most number companies are deciding on Custom software development Microsoft Dynamics NAV, and Pantheon.
PB  - International Association for Economics, Management, Marketing, Quality and Huma Resources in Forestry and Forest Based Industry - WoodEMA, i.a.
C3  - 15th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2022 - Crisis Management and Safety Foresight in Forest-Based Sector and SMES Operating in the Global Environment
T1  - Business system application in Serbian wood industry - implementation models analysis
EP  - 147
SP  - 141
UR  - conv_1917
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kalem, Miljan and Lečić-Cvetković, Danica and Lazarević, Aleksandra and Glavonjić, Branko and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "This paper present analyzes the research results of business information systems (BIS) application in the wood industry companies in the Republic of Serbia. The main objective of this paper is to research the reasons for BIS application in the business of these companies. An additional objective is to determine the criteria for BIS introduction and selection in their company. Also, some of the additional objectives are to determine the introduction of the BIS strategy and analyze what software companies use. This paper aims to imply to wood industry companies the most popular way of BIS introduction and indicate to most popular software in the Serbian wood industry. The research results show that the largest number is decided for the Frontal introduction of BIS. Also, research results indicate that most number companies are deciding on Custom software development Microsoft Dynamics NAV, and Pantheon.",
publisher = "International Association for Economics, Management, Marketing, Quality and Huma Resources in Forestry and Forest Based Industry - WoodEMA, i.a.",
journal = "15th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2022 - Crisis Management and Safety Foresight in Forest-Based Sector and SMES Operating in the Global Environment",
title = "Business system application in Serbian wood industry - implementation models analysis",
pages = "147-141",
url = "conv_1917"
}

Kalem, M., Lečić-Cvetković, D., Lazarević, A., Glavonjić, B.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2022). Business system application in Serbian wood industry - implementation models analysis. in 15th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2022 - Crisis Management and Safety Foresight in Forest-Based Sector and SMES Operating in the Global Environment
International Association for Economics, Management, Marketing, Quality and Huma Resources in Forestry and Forest Based Industry - WoodEMA, i.a.., 141-147.
conv_1917

Kalem M, Lečić-Cvetković D, Lazarević A, Glavonjić B, Điporović-Momčilović M. Business system application in Serbian wood industry - implementation models analysis. in 15th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2022 - Crisis Management and Safety Foresight in Forest-Based Sector and SMES Operating in the Global Environment. 2022;:141-147.
conv_1917 .

Kalem, Miljan, Lečić-Cvetković, Danica, Lazarević, Aleksandra, Glavonjić, Branko, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Business system application in Serbian wood industry - implementation models analysis" in 15th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2022 - Crisis Management and Safety Foresight in Forest-Based Sector and SMES Operating in the Global Environment (2022):141-147,
conv_1917 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Prahin, Ana M.
AU  - Dodevski, Vladimir M.
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1209
AB  - Particles of beech wood were treated with hot water at the temperature of 150 degrees C, during 60 min, prior to the pelleting process. The applied hot water pretreatment affected the chemical composition and heating value of particles. Two groups of pellets, designated as PT 10 and PT 20, were produced from treated beech particles, with the moisture content of particles being 10.5 and 20.5 %, respectively. Pellets from nontreated beech particles (PNT) served as controls to assess the hot water pretreatment effects on the pellet properties. Both, the applied pretreatment, and the particle moisture content, affected properties of the obtained pellets. The heating value of PT 10 ad PT 20 pellets has increased for similar to 6 and 1 %, respectively. The mineral (ash) content in treated pellets decreased for about 24 % in comparison to that in PNT pellets. In addition, the bulk (apparent) density of pellets has increased for 21 % (PT 10) and 10 % (PT 20), as a consequence of the hot water pretreatment of particles. The specific density of PT 10 pellets was for 16 % higher, while the equilibrium moisture content (after conditioning at RH 68 % and 20.1 degrees C) was for about 32 % lower in comparison to the respective properties of PNT pellets.
PB  - Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd
T2  - Hemijska industrija
T1  - Effects of water pretreatment on properties of pellets made from beech particles
EP  - 51
IS  - 1
SP  - 39
VL  - 75
DO  - 10.2298/HEMIN191224007P
UR  - conv_1529
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Jasmina and Popović, Mlađan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Prahin, Ana M. and Dodevski, Vladimir M. and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Particles of beech wood were treated with hot water at the temperature of 150 degrees C, during 60 min, prior to the pelleting process. The applied hot water pretreatment affected the chemical composition and heating value of particles. Two groups of pellets, designated as PT 10 and PT 20, were produced from treated beech particles, with the moisture content of particles being 10.5 and 20.5 %, respectively. Pellets from nontreated beech particles (PNT) served as controls to assess the hot water pretreatment effects on the pellet properties. Both, the applied pretreatment, and the particle moisture content, affected properties of the obtained pellets. The heating value of PT 10 ad PT 20 pellets has increased for similar to 6 and 1 %, respectively. The mineral (ash) content in treated pellets decreased for about 24 % in comparison to that in PNT pellets. In addition, the bulk (apparent) density of pellets has increased for 21 % (PT 10) and 10 % (PT 20), as a consequence of the hot water pretreatment of particles. The specific density of PT 10 pellets was for 16 % higher, while the equilibrium moisture content (after conditioning at RH 68 % and 20.1 degrees C) was for about 32 % lower in comparison to the respective properties of PNT pellets.",
publisher = "Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd",
journal = "Hemijska industrija",
title = "Effects of water pretreatment on properties of pellets made from beech particles",
pages = "51-39",
number = "1",
volume = "75",
doi = "10.2298/HEMIN191224007P",
url = "conv_1529"
}

Popović, J., Popović, M., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Prahin, A. M., Dodevski, V. M.,& Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.. (2021). Effects of water pretreatment on properties of pellets made from beech particles. in Hemijska industrija
Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd., 75(1), 39-51.
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIN191224007P
conv_1529

Popović J, Popović M, Điporović-Momčilović M, Prahin AM, Dodevski VM, Gavrilović-Grmuša I. Effects of water pretreatment on properties of pellets made from beech particles. in Hemijska industrija. 2021;75(1):39-51.
doi:10.2298/HEMIN191224007P
conv_1529 .

Popović, Jasmina, Popović, Mlađan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Prahin, Ana M., Dodevski, Vladimir M., Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, "Effects of water pretreatment on properties of pellets made from beech particles" in Hemijska industrija, 75, no. 1 (2021):39-51,
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIN191224007P .,
conv_1529 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1162
AB  - Urea-formaldehidni (UF) adheziv je još uvek jedan od najvažnijih adhezivnih sistema u proizvodnji ploča iverica i ploča vlaknatica srednje gustine (MDF). Međutim, nameštaj i elementi enterijera koji sadrže ove proizvode predstavljaju jedan od izvora emisije formaldehida u unutrašnjem prostoru. Prepoznavanje formaldehida kao supstance štetne po zdravlje čoveka imalo je snažan uticaj na sektor proizvodnje ploča na bazi drveta, pošto su se ovi proizvodi našli pod ograničenjima od strane brojnih nacionalnih i međunarodnih regulativa. Shodno tome, ovaj rad predstavlja pregled standarda i regulativa koji danas definišu emisione granice za ploče na bazi drveta, a od značaja su za tržište ovih ploča u Republici Srbiji. Ovde se, takođe, daje i kratak pregled metoda i procedura u proizvodnji ploča na bazi drveta sa veoma niskom ili bez emisije formaldehida.
AB  - The urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive is still most important adhesive system in the production of interior grade particleboards and medium density fibreboards (MDF). However, the furniture and interior fitments, incorporating these products, present one of the sources of formaldehyde emission into the indoor air. The recognition of formaldehyde as a substance that presents the risk for a human health had a strong impact on wood-based panels industry, as it came under constrains by the number of national and international regulations. Hence, this paper presents the overview of standards and regulations that define formaldehyde emission limits for wood-based panels today, and of a special interest for a wood-based panels market in the Republic of Serbia. The paper also gives an overview on a possible methods and procedures for the production of wood-based panels with low or no formaldehyde emission.
PB  - Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd
T2  - Zaštita materijala
T1  - Savremeni standardi i propisi o emisiji formaldehida iz kompozitnih ploča od drveta
T1  - New standards and regulations on formaldehyde emission from wood-based composite panels
EP  - 160
IS  - 2
SP  - 152
VL  - 61
DO  - 10.5937/zasmat2002152P
UR  - conv_66
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Mlađan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Urea-formaldehidni (UF) adheziv je još uvek jedan od najvažnijih adhezivnih sistema u proizvodnji ploča iverica i ploča vlaknatica srednje gustine (MDF). Međutim, nameštaj i elementi enterijera koji sadrže ove proizvode predstavljaju jedan od izvora emisije formaldehida u unutrašnjem prostoru. Prepoznavanje formaldehida kao supstance štetne po zdravlje čoveka imalo je snažan uticaj na sektor proizvodnje ploča na bazi drveta, pošto su se ovi proizvodi našli pod ograničenjima od strane brojnih nacionalnih i međunarodnih regulativa. Shodno tome, ovaj rad predstavlja pregled standarda i regulativa koji danas definišu emisione granice za ploče na bazi drveta, a od značaja su za tržište ovih ploča u Republici Srbiji. Ovde se, takođe, daje i kratak pregled metoda i procedura u proizvodnji ploča na bazi drveta sa veoma niskom ili bez emisije formaldehida., The urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive is still most important adhesive system in the production of interior grade particleboards and medium density fibreboards (MDF). However, the furniture and interior fitments, incorporating these products, present one of the sources of formaldehyde emission into the indoor air. The recognition of formaldehyde as a substance that presents the risk for a human health had a strong impact on wood-based panels industry, as it came under constrains by the number of national and international regulations. Hence, this paper presents the overview of standards and regulations that define formaldehyde emission limits for wood-based panels today, and of a special interest for a wood-based panels market in the Republic of Serbia. The paper also gives an overview on a possible methods and procedures for the production of wood-based panels with low or no formaldehyde emission.",
publisher = "Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd",
journal = "Zaštita materijala",
title = "Savremeni standardi i propisi o emisiji formaldehida iz kompozitnih ploča od drveta, New standards and regulations on formaldehyde emission from wood-based composite panels",
pages = "160-152",
number = "2",
volume = "61",
doi = "10.5937/zasmat2002152P",
url = "conv_66"
}

Popović, M., Điporović-Momčilović, M.,& Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.. (2020). Savremeni standardi i propisi o emisiji formaldehida iz kompozitnih ploča od drveta. in Zaštita materijala
Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd., 61(2), 152-160.
https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat2002152P
conv_66

Popović M, Điporović-Momčilović M, Gavrilović-Grmuša I. Savremeni standardi i propisi o emisiji formaldehida iz kompozitnih ploča od drveta. in Zaštita materijala. 2020;61(2):152-160.
doi:10.5937/zasmat2002152P
conv_66 .

Popović, Mlađan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, "Savremeni standardi i propisi o emisiji formaldehida iz kompozitnih ploča od drveta" in Zaštita materijala, 61, no. 2 (2020):152-160,
https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat2002152P .,
conv_66 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Vukić, Nevena
AU  - Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Hamid, Fadhil
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1040
AB  - U ovom radu istraživan je uticaj pred-tretmana poljskog jasena (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soo & Simon) na tok očvršćavanja urea-formaldehidnog (UF) adheziva. Metoda diferecijalne skenirajuće kalorimetrije (DSC) korišćena je za praćenje reakcije očvršćavanja UF adheziva u smeši sa netretiranim drvnim brašnom (kontrolna serija) i drvnim brašnom dobijenim od različito tretiranog iverja poljskog jasena. Primenjena su tri različita pred-tretmana: tretman rastvorom natrijum karbonata (0,03 g/g apsolutno suvog drveta), tretman rastvorom sirćetne kiseline (0,06 g/g apsolutno suvog drveta) i tretman destilovanom vodom. Rezultati praćenja očvršćavanja različitih adhezivnih sistema nisu ukazali na značajne razlike u temperaturama maksimuma reakcije, kao niti u vrednostima entalpije reakcije. Međutim, relativno niže vrednosti energije aktivacije uočene su kod UF adhezivnih sistema sa drvnim brašnom dobijenim nakon alkalnog i kiselog tretmana (76,64 and 76,92 kJ/mol) u odnosu na UF adhezive sa kontrolnim (netretiranim) drvnim brašnom i drvnim brašnom tretiranim vodom (79,28 and 79,14 kJ/mol). Pored toga, primenjene izo-konverzione metode pokazale su različito ponašanje ispitivanih UF adhezivnih sistema tokom očvršćavanja.
AB  - The influence of Narrow Leaved Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soo & Simon) pre-treatments on the curing behavior of urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive was studied. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to monitor the curing reaction of UF adhesive mixed with non-treated wood flour (control series) and wood flour of Narrow leaved Ash obtained after different pre-treatments of wood particles. Three different pre-treatments were applied, one with sodium carbonate solution (0.03 g/g of dry wood), one with acetic acid solution (0.06 g/g of dry wood) and one with distilled water. The curing reaction of different adhesive systems showed no apparent differences in peak temperature values, and there were no significant differences in the enthalpy of the reaction. However, it was assessed that the activation energy has lower values for the UF systems with alkaline and acid treated wood flour (76.64 and 76.92 kJ/mol) in regard to the UF systems with control (untreated) wood flour and water treated wood flour (79.28 and 79.14 kJ/mol). In addition, the application of iso-conversional models have shown different curing behavior of UF adhesive systems.
PB  - Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd
T2  - Materials Protection
T1  - Očvršćavanje urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u prisustvu hemijski tretiranog drveta poljskog jasena
T1  - The curing behavior of urea-formaldehyde adhesive in the presence of chemically treated narrow-leaved ash
EP  - 69
IS  - 1
SP  - 64
VL  - 60
DO  - 10.5937/zasmat1901064P
UR  - conv_2004
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Mlađan and Popović, Jasmina and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Vukić, Nevena and Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Hamid, Fadhil",
year = "2019",
abstract = "U ovom radu istraživan je uticaj pred-tretmana poljskog jasena (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soo & Simon) na tok očvršćavanja urea-formaldehidnog (UF) adheziva. Metoda diferecijalne skenirajuće kalorimetrije (DSC) korišćena je za praćenje reakcije očvršćavanja UF adheziva u smeši sa netretiranim drvnim brašnom (kontrolna serija) i drvnim brašnom dobijenim od različito tretiranog iverja poljskog jasena. Primenjena su tri različita pred-tretmana: tretman rastvorom natrijum karbonata (0,03 g/g apsolutno suvog drveta), tretman rastvorom sirćetne kiseline (0,06 g/g apsolutno suvog drveta) i tretman destilovanom vodom. Rezultati praćenja očvršćavanja različitih adhezivnih sistema nisu ukazali na značajne razlike u temperaturama maksimuma reakcije, kao niti u vrednostima entalpije reakcije. Međutim, relativno niže vrednosti energije aktivacije uočene su kod UF adhezivnih sistema sa drvnim brašnom dobijenim nakon alkalnog i kiselog tretmana (76,64 and 76,92 kJ/mol) u odnosu na UF adhezive sa kontrolnim (netretiranim) drvnim brašnom i drvnim brašnom tretiranim vodom (79,28 and 79,14 kJ/mol). Pored toga, primenjene izo-konverzione metode pokazale su različito ponašanje ispitivanih UF adhezivnih sistema tokom očvršćavanja., The influence of Narrow Leaved Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soo & Simon) pre-treatments on the curing behavior of urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive was studied. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to monitor the curing reaction of UF adhesive mixed with non-treated wood flour (control series) and wood flour of Narrow leaved Ash obtained after different pre-treatments of wood particles. Three different pre-treatments were applied, one with sodium carbonate solution (0.03 g/g of dry wood), one with acetic acid solution (0.06 g/g of dry wood) and one with distilled water. The curing reaction of different adhesive systems showed no apparent differences in peak temperature values, and there were no significant differences in the enthalpy of the reaction. However, it was assessed that the activation energy has lower values for the UF systems with alkaline and acid treated wood flour (76.64 and 76.92 kJ/mol) in regard to the UF systems with control (untreated) wood flour and water treated wood flour (79.28 and 79.14 kJ/mol). In addition, the application of iso-conversional models have shown different curing behavior of UF adhesive systems.",
publisher = "Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd",
journal = "Materials Protection",
title = "Očvršćavanje urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u prisustvu hemijski tretiranog drveta poljskog jasena, The curing behavior of urea-formaldehyde adhesive in the presence of chemically treated narrow-leaved ash",
pages = "69-64",
number = "1",
volume = "60",
doi = "10.5937/zasmat1901064P",
url = "conv_2004"
}

Popović, M., Popović, J., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Vukić, N., Budinski-Simendić, J., Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.,& Hamid, F.. (2019). Očvršćavanje urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u prisustvu hemijski tretiranog drveta poljskog jasena. in Materials Protection
Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd., 60(1), 64-69.
https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat1901064P
conv_2004

Popović M, Popović J, Điporović-Momčilović M, Vukić N, Budinski-Simendić J, Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Hamid F. Očvršćavanje urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u prisustvu hemijski tretiranog drveta poljskog jasena. in Materials Protection. 2019;60(1):64-69.
doi:10.5937/zasmat1901064P
conv_2004 .

Popović, Mlađan, Popović, Jasmina, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Vukić, Nevena, Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Hamid, Fadhil, "Očvršćavanje urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u prisustvu hemijski tretiranog drveta poljskog jasena" in Materials Protection, 60, no. 1 (2019):64-69,
https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat1901064P .,
conv_2004 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Todorović, Tijana
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/931
AB  - The formaldehyde release and the formaldehyde content from the commercial
   particleboards were determined using the flask and perforator methods. Since
   the melamine faced boards were used in this research, the flask method was
   applied to evaluate how much the decorative surface (melamine impregnated
   paper) affects the test results in terms of reducing the formaldehyde
   emission from the samples. Hence, the flask method tests were performed
   simultaneously with one test series presenting the melamine faced samples,
   and the other one presenting the samples with sanded surface. Also, the
   decorative surface was sanded off from all of the test samples intended for
   formaldehyde content measurements using perforator method. During this
   research, it was found that by removing the decorative surface, the
   formaldehyde emission increased in the range from 12.6% to 16.6%, suggesting
   that the decorative surface acts as a barrier to formaldehyde emission even
   for the samples of such a small size used in the flask method. In addition,
   very high correlation, of 0,989 and 0,959, was found between the
   formaldehyde content values (perforator method) and the values of
   formaldehyde release from sanded and melamine faced samples, respectively.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog Fakulteta: Univerzitet u Beogradu
T1  - The influence of decorative surface of commercial particleboards on the formaldehyde release measured by flask method
EP  - 142
IS  - 117
SP  - 137
VL  - 2018
DO  - 10.2298/GSF1817137P
UR  - conv_2326
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Mlađan and Todorović, Tijana and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Popović, Jasmina",
year = "2018",
abstract = "The formaldehyde release and the formaldehyde content from the commercial
   particleboards were determined using the flask and perforator methods. Since
   the melamine faced boards were used in this research, the flask method was
   applied to evaluate how much the decorative surface (melamine impregnated
   paper) affects the test results in terms of reducing the formaldehyde
   emission from the samples. Hence, the flask method tests were performed
   simultaneously with one test series presenting the melamine faced samples,
   and the other one presenting the samples with sanded surface. Also, the
   decorative surface was sanded off from all of the test samples intended for
   formaldehyde content measurements using perforator method. During this
   research, it was found that by removing the decorative surface, the
   formaldehyde emission increased in the range from 12.6% to 16.6%, suggesting
   that the decorative surface acts as a barrier to formaldehyde emission even
   for the samples of such a small size used in the flask method. In addition,
   very high correlation, of 0,989 and 0,959, was found between the
   formaldehyde content values (perforator method) and the values of
   formaldehyde release from sanded and melamine faced samples, respectively.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog Fakulteta: Univerzitet u Beogradu",
title = "The influence of decorative surface of commercial particleboards on the formaldehyde release measured by flask method",
pages = "142-137",
number = "117",
volume = "2018",
doi = "10.2298/GSF1817137P",
url = "conv_2326"
}

Popović, M., Todorović, T., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.,& Popović, J.. (2018). The influence of decorative surface of commercial particleboards on the formaldehyde release measured by flask method. in Glasnik Šumarskog Fakulteta: Univerzitet u Beogradu
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd., 2018(117), 137-142.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1817137P
conv_2326

Popović M, Todorović T, Điporović-Momčilović M, Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Popović J. The influence of decorative surface of commercial particleboards on the formaldehyde release measured by flask method. in Glasnik Šumarskog Fakulteta: Univerzitet u Beogradu. 2018;2018(117):137-142.
doi:10.2298/GSF1817137P
conv_2326 .

Popović, Mlađan, Todorović, Tijana, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Popović, Jasmina, "The influence of decorative surface of commercial particleboards on the formaldehyde release measured by flask method" in Glasnik Šumarskog Fakulteta: Univerzitet u Beogradu, 2018, no. 117 (2018):137-142,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1817137P .,
conv_2326 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Hamid, Fadhil
AU  - Hakky-Mohamad, Ahmad
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/966
AB  - U ovom radu istražen je trend kretanja emisije formaldehida iz ploča iverica uvezenih na tržište Srbije. Uzorkovanje i ispitivanje ploča iverica obavljeno je u dva vremenski odvojena perioda. Prvi period ispitivanja odvijao se tokom 2011. godine, a drugi tokom 2015-2016. godine. U oba ova perioda, uzorkovane su sirove ploče iverice, poreklom od tri različita proizvođača. Perforator metoda (EN 120) korišćena je za ispitivanje sadržaja formaldehida u uzorcima ploča. Rezultati pomenutih ispitivanja pokazali su da velika većina uzoraka pripada E1 klasi ploča iverica. Pored toga, oko 19 % ploča iverica uzorkovanih u 2011. godini i oko 31 % ploča uzorkovanih tokom perioda 2015-2016. godine imali su sadržaj formaldehida ispod 50 % od zahteva za E1 klasom.
AB  - The formaldehyde potential of particleboards imported on Serbian market was evaluated in this research. The sampling and testing of particleboards were conducted in two discrete periods: first was during 2011 and the second was in the period of 2015-2016. For both periods, the samples of raw particleboards originated from three different producers. The perforator method (EN 120) was used to test the formaldehyde content in the particleboard samples. In general, the results have showed that the majority of the samples belong to the E1 class of particleboards. In addition, 19 % of the particleboards sampled in 2011 and 31 % of the boards sampled in 2015-2016 were found to have formaldehyde content below 50 % of E1 class requirements.
PB  - Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd
T2  - Zaštita materijala
T1  - Kvalitet ploča iverica na tržištu Srbije u pogledu emisije formaldehida
T1  - Quality of the particleboards on Serbian market in regard to the formaldehyde emission
EP  - 488
IS  - 4
SP  - 484
VL  - 59
DO  - 10.5937/zasmat1804484D
UR  - conv_63
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Popović, Mlađan and Popović, Jasmina and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Hamid, Fadhil and Hakky-Mohamad, Ahmad",
year = "2018",
abstract = "U ovom radu istražen je trend kretanja emisije formaldehida iz ploča iverica uvezenih na tržište Srbije. Uzorkovanje i ispitivanje ploča iverica obavljeno je u dva vremenski odvojena perioda. Prvi period ispitivanja odvijao se tokom 2011. godine, a drugi tokom 2015-2016. godine. U oba ova perioda, uzorkovane su sirove ploče iverice, poreklom od tri različita proizvođača. Perforator metoda (EN 120) korišćena je za ispitivanje sadržaja formaldehida u uzorcima ploča. Rezultati pomenutih ispitivanja pokazali su da velika većina uzoraka pripada E1 klasi ploča iverica. Pored toga, oko 19 % ploča iverica uzorkovanih u 2011. godini i oko 31 % ploča uzorkovanih tokom perioda 2015-2016. godine imali su sadržaj formaldehida ispod 50 % od zahteva za E1 klasom., The formaldehyde potential of particleboards imported on Serbian market was evaluated in this research. The sampling and testing of particleboards were conducted in two discrete periods: first was during 2011 and the second was in the period of 2015-2016. For both periods, the samples of raw particleboards originated from three different producers. The perforator method (EN 120) was used to test the formaldehyde content in the particleboard samples. In general, the results have showed that the majority of the samples belong to the E1 class of particleboards. In addition, 19 % of the particleboards sampled in 2011 and 31 % of the boards sampled in 2015-2016 were found to have formaldehyde content below 50 % of E1 class requirements.",
publisher = "Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd",
journal = "Zaštita materijala",
title = "Kvalitet ploča iverica na tržištu Srbije u pogledu emisije formaldehida, Quality of the particleboards on Serbian market in regard to the formaldehyde emission",
pages = "488-484",
number = "4",
volume = "59",
doi = "10.5937/zasmat1804484D",
url = "conv_63"
}

Điporović-Momčilović, M., Popović, M., Popović, J., Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Hamid, F.,& Hakky-Mohamad, A.. (2018). Kvalitet ploča iverica na tržištu Srbije u pogledu emisije formaldehida. in Zaštita materijala
Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd., 59(4), 484-488.
https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat1804484D
conv_63

Điporović-Momčilović M, Popović M, Popović J, Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Hamid F, Hakky-Mohamad A. Kvalitet ploča iverica na tržištu Srbije u pogledu emisije formaldehida. in Zaštita materijala. 2018;59(4):484-488.
doi:10.5937/zasmat1804484D
conv_63 .

Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Popović, Mlađan, Popović, Jasmina, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Hamid, Fadhil, Hakky-Mohamad, Ahmad, "Kvalitet ploča iverica na tržištu Srbije u pogledu emisije formaldehida" in Zaštita materijala, 59, no. 4 (2018):484-488,
https://doi.org/10.5937/zasmat1804484D .,
conv_63 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Mohamad, Ahmad Hakky
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/971
AB  - Wood composite panels produced with formaldehyde-based resins present one of the major sources of formaldehyde emissions in the interior. This problem has become publicly recognized during 1970ies, and since then the significant efforts were addressed to control the formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels. The European and USA regulations on this subject have led to further improvements in the resin development, and to the technology of wood based panels in a broader aspect. Today, the regulations in Serbia concerning the formaldehyde emission standards are based on the accepted European standards, and the same applies to the testing methods. The capacities for testing the wood based panels on the free formaldehyde were developed in Serbia during the 1980ies, firstly at the Faculty of Forestry of the Belgrade University. The analysis of existing capacities for formaldehyde testing in Serbia is given in this paper, as well as the possibilities for further improvements in this field.
PB  - WoodEMA, i.a.
C3  - Increasing the Use of Wood in the Global Bio-Economy - Proceedings of Scientific Papers
T1  - Formaldehyde emission standards for wood-based panels and testing capacities in Serbia
EP  - 333
SP  - 323
UR  - conv_2049
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Popović, Mlađan and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Popović, Jasmina and Mohamad, Ahmad Hakky",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Wood composite panels produced with formaldehyde-based resins present one of the major sources of formaldehyde emissions in the interior. This problem has become publicly recognized during 1970ies, and since then the significant efforts were addressed to control the formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels. The European and USA regulations on this subject have led to further improvements in the resin development, and to the technology of wood based panels in a broader aspect. Today, the regulations in Serbia concerning the formaldehyde emission standards are based on the accepted European standards, and the same applies to the testing methods. The capacities for testing the wood based panels on the free formaldehyde were developed in Serbia during the 1980ies, firstly at the Faculty of Forestry of the Belgrade University. The analysis of existing capacities for formaldehyde testing in Serbia is given in this paper, as well as the possibilities for further improvements in this field.",
publisher = "WoodEMA, i.a.",
journal = "Increasing the Use of Wood in the Global Bio-Economy - Proceedings of Scientific Papers",
title = "Formaldehyde emission standards for wood-based panels and testing capacities in Serbia",
pages = "333-323",
url = "conv_2049"
}

Điporović-Momčilović, M., Popović, M., Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Popović, J.,& Mohamad, A. H.. (2018). Formaldehyde emission standards for wood-based panels and testing capacities in Serbia. in Increasing the Use of Wood in the Global Bio-Economy - Proceedings of Scientific Papers
WoodEMA, i.a.., 323-333.
conv_2049

Điporović-Momčilović M, Popović M, Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Popović J, Mohamad AH. Formaldehyde emission standards for wood-based panels and testing capacities in Serbia. in Increasing the Use of Wood in the Global Bio-Economy - Proceedings of Scientific Papers. 2018;:323-333.
conv_2049 .

Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Popović, Mlađan, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Popović, Jasmina, Mohamad, Ahmad Hakky, "Formaldehyde emission standards for wood-based panels and testing capacities in Serbia" in Increasing the Use of Wood in the Global Bio-Economy - Proceedings of Scientific Papers (2018):323-333,
conv_2049 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Dunky, Manfred
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/778
AB  - This work deals with the influence of specific pressure during the press process on the radial and tangential penetration of urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive into poplar, as well as on the shear strength of lap joints prepared at these different pressures. An epi-fluorescence microscope was used for measuring the adhesive penetration when investigating microtome slides (20-mu m thick) cut from the joint samples. The average penetration depth (d(ap)) and the size of the interphase region (I) increased with the increase of pressure from 0.5 to 1.0 N/mm(2). Further increase in the pressure to 1.5 N/mm(2) did not produce a significant change in d(ap) or I. On the contrary, the area of filled lumens and rays (A) showed a steady decrease as the specific pressure increased. Such behavior influenced the filled interphase region (I-f), which also decreased with increased pressure. Tangential samples (radial penetration) obtained higher values of lap shear strength and showed less dependence on the specific pressure than the radial samples (tangential penetration). Higher shear strength based on radial penetration corresponded to the thicker interphase region of these samples. The highest shear strength for both directions of penetration was obtained for the specific pressure of 1.0 N/mm(2).
PB  - North Carolina State University
T2  - BioResources
T1  - Influence of Pressure on the Radial and Tangential Penetration of Adhesive Resin into Poplar Wood and on the Shear Strength of Adhesive Joints
EP  - 2255
IS  - 1
SP  - 2238
VL  - 11
DO  - 10.15376/biores.11.1.2238-2255
UR  - conv_2111
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Dunky, Manfred and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Popović, Mlađan and Popović, Jasmina",
year = "2016",
abstract = "This work deals with the influence of specific pressure during the press process on the radial and tangential penetration of urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive into poplar, as well as on the shear strength of lap joints prepared at these different pressures. An epi-fluorescence microscope was used for measuring the adhesive penetration when investigating microtome slides (20-mu m thick) cut from the joint samples. The average penetration depth (d(ap)) and the size of the interphase region (I) increased with the increase of pressure from 0.5 to 1.0 N/mm(2). Further increase in the pressure to 1.5 N/mm(2) did not produce a significant change in d(ap) or I. On the contrary, the area of filled lumens and rays (A) showed a steady decrease as the specific pressure increased. Such behavior influenced the filled interphase region (I-f), which also decreased with increased pressure. Tangential samples (radial penetration) obtained higher values of lap shear strength and showed less dependence on the specific pressure than the radial samples (tangential penetration). Higher shear strength based on radial penetration corresponded to the thicker interphase region of these samples. The highest shear strength for both directions of penetration was obtained for the specific pressure of 1.0 N/mm(2).",
publisher = "North Carolina State University",
journal = "BioResources",
title = "Influence of Pressure on the Radial and Tangential Penetration of Adhesive Resin into Poplar Wood and on the Shear Strength of Adhesive Joints",
pages = "2255-2238",
number = "1",
volume = "11",
doi = "10.15376/biores.11.1.2238-2255",
url = "conv_2111"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Dunky, M., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Popović, M.,& Popović, J.. (2016). Influence of Pressure on the Radial and Tangential Penetration of Adhesive Resin into Poplar Wood and on the Shear Strength of Adhesive Joints. in BioResources
North Carolina State University., 11(1), 2238-2255.
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.1.2238-2255
conv_2111

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Dunky M, Điporović-Momčilović M, Popović M, Popović J. Influence of Pressure on the Radial and Tangential Penetration of Adhesive Resin into Poplar Wood and on the Shear Strength of Adhesive Joints. in BioResources. 2016;11(1):2238-2255.
doi:10.15376/biores.11.1.2238-2255
conv_2111 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Dunky, Manfred, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Popović, Mlađan, Popović, Jasmina, "Influence of Pressure on the Radial and Tangential Penetration of Adhesive Resin into Poplar Wood and on the Shear Strength of Adhesive Joints" in BioResources, 11, no. 1 (2016):2238-2255,
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.1.2238-2255 .,
conv_2111 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/735
AB  - Imajući u vidu da kiselost drveta ima važnu ulogu u mnogim oblastima primene drvnih proizvoda, u ovom radu istražen je sadržaj kiselina u uzorcima domaćih vrsta bukve, jele i topole. Shodno tome, određen je sadržaj kiselina rastvorljivih u hladnoj vodi, kao i sadržaj vezanih kiselina, odnosno kiselina koje nisu rastvorljive u hladnoj vodi. Kako bi se izračunao sadržaj vezanih kiselina u drvetu bilo je neophodno da se odredi ukupan sadržaj kiselina. U tu svrhu primenjena je metoda koja se zasniva na ekstrakciji drvnog materijala u 0,1 M rastvoru natrijum acetata, na sobnoj temperaturi; Nakon čega je titracijom sa 0,1 M natrijum hidroksidom određena ekvivalentna tačka koja predstavlja ukupan sadržaj kiselina u datom uzorku. Sadržaj vezanih (nerastvornih) kiselina određen je kao razlika ukupnih i rastvorljivih kiselina. Sadržaj rastvorljivih kiselina bio je 3 do 5 puta manji od sadržaja vezanih kiselina, pri čemu su jedino uzorci topole pokazali statistički niže vrednosti. Međutim, sadržaj vezanih kiselina značajno se razlikovao u odnosu na ispitivanu drvnu vrstu. Vezanih kiselina bilo je najviše u uzorcima drveta jele, i to približno dva puta više u odnosu na topolu, te za oko 61% više u odnosu na bukvu. Takođe, uočena je jaka korelacija između sadržaja vezanih kiselina u drvetu i vremena želiranja urea-formaldehidnog (UF) veziva u smeši sa odgovarajućim ekstraktima u vreloj vodi. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju na to da kiselost drveta predstavlja značajan uticajni faktor u procesima u drvnoj industriji koji se zasnivaju na upotrebi UF veziva.
AB  - The acidity of wood has an important role in many areas of wood applications. Hence, this paper presents a study on the acidity of beech, fir and poplar, as the representatives of the most industrially utilized wood species in Serbia. The contents of both the soluble and insoluble acids were determined through the extraction methods with cold distilled water and sodium acetate solution, respectively, followed by the titration with sodium hydroxide solution. The acidity strongly differs among the three wood species used in this research. The amount of insoluble acids was the highest in fir, almost twice as much than in poplar, and about 68% higher than in fir wood species. Such differences also showed a strong correlation with the gel times of UF adhesive mixes with hot water extracts.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Kiselost odabranih vrsta industrijskog drveća u Srbiji
T1  - Acidity of selected industrial wood species in Serbia
EP  - 76
IS  - 113
SP  - 69
DO  - 10.2298/GSF1613069P
UR  - conv_437
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Mlađan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Popović, Jasmina",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Imajući u vidu da kiselost drveta ima važnu ulogu u mnogim oblastima primene drvnih proizvoda, u ovom radu istražen je sadržaj kiselina u uzorcima domaćih vrsta bukve, jele i topole. Shodno tome, određen je sadržaj kiselina rastvorljivih u hladnoj vodi, kao i sadržaj vezanih kiselina, odnosno kiselina koje nisu rastvorljive u hladnoj vodi. Kako bi se izračunao sadržaj vezanih kiselina u drvetu bilo je neophodno da se odredi ukupan sadržaj kiselina. U tu svrhu primenjena je metoda koja se zasniva na ekstrakciji drvnog materijala u 0,1 M rastvoru natrijum acetata, na sobnoj temperaturi; Nakon čega je titracijom sa 0,1 M natrijum hidroksidom određena ekvivalentna tačka koja predstavlja ukupan sadržaj kiselina u datom uzorku. Sadržaj vezanih (nerastvornih) kiselina određen je kao razlika ukupnih i rastvorljivih kiselina. Sadržaj rastvorljivih kiselina bio je 3 do 5 puta manji od sadržaja vezanih kiselina, pri čemu su jedino uzorci topole pokazali statistički niže vrednosti. Međutim, sadržaj vezanih kiselina značajno se razlikovao u odnosu na ispitivanu drvnu vrstu. Vezanih kiselina bilo je najviše u uzorcima drveta jele, i to približno dva puta više u odnosu na topolu, te za oko 61% više u odnosu na bukvu. Takođe, uočena je jaka korelacija između sadržaja vezanih kiselina u drvetu i vremena želiranja urea-formaldehidnog (UF) veziva u smeši sa odgovarajućim ekstraktima u vreloj vodi. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju na to da kiselost drveta predstavlja značajan uticajni faktor u procesima u drvnoj industriji koji se zasnivaju na upotrebi UF veziva., The acidity of wood has an important role in many areas of wood applications. Hence, this paper presents a study on the acidity of beech, fir and poplar, as the representatives of the most industrially utilized wood species in Serbia. The contents of both the soluble and insoluble acids were determined through the extraction methods with cold distilled water and sodium acetate solution, respectively, followed by the titration with sodium hydroxide solution. The acidity strongly differs among the three wood species used in this research. The amount of insoluble acids was the highest in fir, almost twice as much than in poplar, and about 68% higher than in fir wood species. Such differences also showed a strong correlation with the gel times of UF adhesive mixes with hot water extracts.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Kiselost odabranih vrsta industrijskog drveća u Srbiji, Acidity of selected industrial wood species in Serbia",
pages = "76-69",
number = "113",
doi = "10.2298/GSF1613069P",
url = "conv_437"
}

Popović, M., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.,& Popović, J.. (2016). Kiselost odabranih vrsta industrijskog drveća u Srbiji. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(113), 69-76.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1613069P
conv_437

Popović M, Điporović-Momčilović M, Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Popović J. Kiselost odabranih vrsta industrijskog drveća u Srbiji. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2016;(113):69-76.
doi:10.2298/GSF1613069P
conv_437 .

Popović, Mlađan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Popović, Jasmina, "Kiselost odabranih vrsta industrijskog drveća u Srbiji" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 113 (2016):69-76,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1613069P .,
conv_437 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Klašnja, Bojana
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/788
AB  - The evaluation of wood chemical composition is of the great importance for the optimal utilization of wood raw material. Certain application areas of wood and wood products are closely related to the chemistry of wood components. Variability of the chemical composition of wood is common for the same wood species and even inside the single tree. Such variations may have significant effects on the properties of related wood material. Hence, this work presents a detailed evaluation of chemical characteristics of juvenile (10 years) and mature wood samples (72 years) of the Narrow-leaved Ash. The samples were taken from the tree trunks at three different heights. The contents of cellulose and lignin were higher in the mature wood samples. The cellulose content decreased with the increase in height of the tree trunk, while the vertical position had no significant effect on the lignin content. The content of the extraneous material, dissolved in toluene-ethanol solution, was significantly lower in the samples of juvenile wood, and it decreased with the increase in height. However, the same samples had the higher content of ash and the extracts dissolved in hot water, in regard to the samples of mature wood.
PB  - University of Zagreb - Faculty of Forestry
C3  - 27th International Conference on Wood Science and Technology, ICWST 2016: Implementation of Wood Science in Woodworking Sector - Proceedings
T1  - Variability in chemical composition of narrow-leaved ash (fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica soó & simon) in regard to its age and possition inside the tree
EP  - 184
SP  - 175
UR  - conv_2120
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Popović, Jasmina and Klašnja, Bojana and Popović, Mlađan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The evaluation of wood chemical composition is of the great importance for the optimal utilization of wood raw material. Certain application areas of wood and wood products are closely related to the chemistry of wood components. Variability of the chemical composition of wood is common for the same wood species and even inside the single tree. Such variations may have significant effects on the properties of related wood material. Hence, this work presents a detailed evaluation of chemical characteristics of juvenile (10 years) and mature wood samples (72 years) of the Narrow-leaved Ash. The samples were taken from the tree trunks at three different heights. The contents of cellulose and lignin were higher in the mature wood samples. The cellulose content decreased with the increase in height of the tree trunk, while the vertical position had no significant effect on the lignin content. The content of the extraneous material, dissolved in toluene-ethanol solution, was significantly lower in the samples of juvenile wood, and it decreased with the increase in height. However, the same samples had the higher content of ash and the extracts dissolved in hot water, in regard to the samples of mature wood.",
publisher = "University of Zagreb - Faculty of Forestry",
journal = "27th International Conference on Wood Science and Technology, ICWST 2016: Implementation of Wood Science in Woodworking Sector - Proceedings",
title = "Variability in chemical composition of narrow-leaved ash (fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica soó & simon) in regard to its age and possition inside the tree",
pages = "184-175",
url = "conv_2120"
}

Popović, J., Klašnja, B., Popović, M., Điporović-Momčilović, M.,& Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.. (2016). Variability in chemical composition of narrow-leaved ash (fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica soó & simon) in regard to its age and possition inside the tree. in 27th International Conference on Wood Science and Technology, ICWST 2016: Implementation of Wood Science in Woodworking Sector - Proceedings
University of Zagreb - Faculty of Forestry., 175-184.
conv_2120

Popović J, Klašnja B, Popović M, Điporović-Momčilović M, Gavrilović-Grmuša I. Variability in chemical composition of narrow-leaved ash (fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica soó & simon) in regard to its age and possition inside the tree. in 27th International Conference on Wood Science and Technology, ICWST 2016: Implementation of Wood Science in Woodworking Sector - Proceedings. 2016;:175-184.
conv_2120 .

Popović, Jasmina, Klašnja, Bojana, Popović, Mlađan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, "Variability in chemical composition of narrow-leaved ash (fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica soó & simon) in regard to its age and possition inside the tree" in 27th International Conference on Wood Science and Technology, ICWST 2016: Implementation of Wood Science in Woodworking Sector - Proceedings (2016):175-184,
conv_2120 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/771
AB  - Chemical treatments may cause various changes in wood chemical composition, such as the removal of extractives and certain parts of lignin, hemicelluloses and cellulose. This may involve variety of chemical reactions in wood material. The effects of the applied treatments depends on the treatment conditions (type and concentration of chemicals, pH value, temperature, pressure, treatment duration), but also on the characteristics of lignocellulose material itself. Treatments may change the hydrophilic character of wood, which may affect its dimensional stability. This paper presents the study on the influence of the acetic acid and sodium carbonate treatments on the dimensional stability of Narrow-leaved Ash. All the treatments with acetic acid solutions have improved the dimensional stability of the samples. It was also improved after the treatments with the lowest concentration of sodium carbonate solution (AT 1). However, increased concentration of sodium carbonate and the higher temperature applied had negative effects on dimensional stability of the samples.
PB  - Vienna University of Technology
C3  - WCTE 2016 - World Conference on Timber Engineering
T1  - The infuence of chemical treatments on dimensional stability of Narrow leaved Ash
UR  - conv_2079
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Popović, Jasmina and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Popović, Mlađan and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Chemical treatments may cause various changes in wood chemical composition, such as the removal of extractives and certain parts of lignin, hemicelluloses and cellulose. This may involve variety of chemical reactions in wood material. The effects of the applied treatments depends on the treatment conditions (type and concentration of chemicals, pH value, temperature, pressure, treatment duration), but also on the characteristics of lignocellulose material itself. Treatments may change the hydrophilic character of wood, which may affect its dimensional stability. This paper presents the study on the influence of the acetic acid and sodium carbonate treatments on the dimensional stability of Narrow-leaved Ash. All the treatments with acetic acid solutions have improved the dimensional stability of the samples. It was also improved after the treatments with the lowest concentration of sodium carbonate solution (AT 1). However, increased concentration of sodium carbonate and the higher temperature applied had negative effects on dimensional stability of the samples.",
publisher = "Vienna University of Technology",
journal = "WCTE 2016 - World Conference on Timber Engineering",
title = "The infuence of chemical treatments on dimensional stability of Narrow leaved Ash",
url = "conv_2079"
}

Popović, J., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Popović, M.,& Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.. (2016). The infuence of chemical treatments on dimensional stability of Narrow leaved Ash. in WCTE 2016 - World Conference on Timber Engineering
Vienna University of Technology..
conv_2079

Popović J, Điporović-Momčilović M, Popović M, Gavrilović-Grmuša I. The infuence of chemical treatments on dimensional stability of Narrow leaved Ash. in WCTE 2016 - World Conference on Timber Engineering. 2016;.
conv_2079 .

Popović, Jasmina, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Popović, Mlađan, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, "The infuence of chemical treatments on dimensional stability of Narrow leaved Ash" in WCTE 2016 - World Conference on Timber Engineering (2016),
conv_2079 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/722
AB  - The effect of chemical treatment on wood tissue leads to changes in the chemical composition of wood, thereby changing its wetability and its chemical reactivity with adhesive. In this study, wood samples of narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soo & Simon) were treated with water and with the aqueous solutions of acetic acid and sodium carbonate at the temperatures of 100 and 120 degrees C, and for a period of 60 min. The addition of acetic acid and sodium carbonate was 0.03, 0.06 and 0.09 g.g(-1) dry matter of wood. The effects of the applied treatments on the lap shear strength were evaluated by the standard test method using urea-formaldehyde adhesive. The entire sample series treated with the sodium carbonate have shown the significant increase of the shear strength when compared to the control sample series (17.5 to 49.6 %). In addition, the increase of the shear strength corresponded to the increase in the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution. On the other side, the acetic acid and the water treatments have not caused any significant changes to the shear strength of the samples. The increase in the concentration of the acetic acid solution has showed a tendency to decrease the shear strength, but this effect could not be confirmed statistically. Finally, the results of the shear strength for all the treated sample series have not been significantly affected by the applied temperature.
PB  - Statny Drevarsky Vyskumny Ustav
T2  - Wood Research
T1  - Effects of the chemical treatment conditions of the narrow-leaved ash ( fraxinus angustifolia vahl. Ssp pannonica soo & simon) on the lap shear strength
EP  - 554
IS  - 4
SP  - 543
VL  - 60
UR  - conv_2135
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Jasmina and Popović, Mlađan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The effect of chemical treatment on wood tissue leads to changes in the chemical composition of wood, thereby changing its wetability and its chemical reactivity with adhesive. In this study, wood samples of narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soo & Simon) were treated with water and with the aqueous solutions of acetic acid and sodium carbonate at the temperatures of 100 and 120 degrees C, and for a period of 60 min. The addition of acetic acid and sodium carbonate was 0.03, 0.06 and 0.09 g.g(-1) dry matter of wood. The effects of the applied treatments on the lap shear strength were evaluated by the standard test method using urea-formaldehyde adhesive. The entire sample series treated with the sodium carbonate have shown the significant increase of the shear strength when compared to the control sample series (17.5 to 49.6 %). In addition, the increase of the shear strength corresponded to the increase in the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution. On the other side, the acetic acid and the water treatments have not caused any significant changes to the shear strength of the samples. The increase in the concentration of the acetic acid solution has showed a tendency to decrease the shear strength, but this effect could not be confirmed statistically. Finally, the results of the shear strength for all the treated sample series have not been significantly affected by the applied temperature.",
publisher = "Statny Drevarsky Vyskumny Ustav",
journal = "Wood Research",
title = "Effects of the chemical treatment conditions of the narrow-leaved ash ( fraxinus angustifolia vahl. Ssp pannonica soo & simon) on the lap shear strength",
pages = "554-543",
number = "4",
volume = "60",
url = "conv_2135"
}

Popović, J., Popović, M., Điporović-Momčilović, M.,& Gavrilović-Grmuša, I.. (2015). Effects of the chemical treatment conditions of the narrow-leaved ash ( fraxinus angustifolia vahl. Ssp pannonica soo & simon) on the lap shear strength. in Wood Research
Statny Drevarsky Vyskumny Ustav., 60(4), 543-554.
conv_2135

Popović J, Popović M, Điporović-Momčilović M, Gavrilović-Grmuša I. Effects of the chemical treatment conditions of the narrow-leaved ash ( fraxinus angustifolia vahl. Ssp pannonica soo & simon) on the lap shear strength. in Wood Research. 2015;60(4):543-554.
conv_2135 .

Popović, Jasmina, Popović, Mlađan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, "Effects of the chemical treatment conditions of the narrow-leaved ash ( fraxinus angustifolia vahl. Ssp pannonica soo & simon) on the lap shear strength" in Wood Research, 60, no. 4 (2015):543-554,
conv_2135 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Dunky, Manfred
AU  - Miljković, Jovan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/478
AB  - The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the degree of condensation of urea formaldehyde (UF) resins on the tangential penetration into fir and beech and on the tensile shear bond strength of wood joints. Tangential penetration was determined by epi-fluorescence microscopy on microtome slides, exposing the bond line on a cross-sectional surface. The higher the degree of condensation (viscosity) of the resins, the lower is the possibility for penetration; beech showed higher penetration than fir. Bond strengths decreased with increased degree of condensation (viscosity) of the adhesives. Shear strength based on radial penetration was higher than for tangential penetration. The higher the penetration and the thicker, hence, the interphase, the higher was the achieved shear strength.
T2  - European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
T1  - Influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde adhesives on the tangential penetration into beech and fir and on the shear strength of the adhesive joints
EP  - 665
IS  - 5
SP  - 655
VL  - 70
DO  - 10.1007/s00107-012-0599-6
UR  - conv_1040
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Dunky, Manfred and Miljković, Jovan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the degree of condensation of urea formaldehyde (UF) resins on the tangential penetration into fir and beech and on the tensile shear bond strength of wood joints. Tangential penetration was determined by epi-fluorescence microscopy on microtome slides, exposing the bond line on a cross-sectional surface. The higher the degree of condensation (viscosity) of the resins, the lower is the possibility for penetration; beech showed higher penetration than fir. Bond strengths decreased with increased degree of condensation (viscosity) of the adhesives. Shear strength based on radial penetration was higher than for tangential penetration. The higher the penetration and the thicker, hence, the interphase, the higher was the achieved shear strength.",
journal = "European Journal of Wood and Wood Products",
title = "Influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde adhesives on the tangential penetration into beech and fir and on the shear strength of the adhesive joints",
pages = "665-655",
number = "5",
volume = "70",
doi = "10.1007/s00107-012-0599-6",
url = "conv_1040"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Dunky, M., Miljković, J.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2012). Influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde adhesives on the tangential penetration into beech and fir and on the shear strength of the adhesive joints. in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 70(5), 655-665.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-012-0599-6
conv_1040

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Dunky M, Miljković J, Điporović-Momčilović M. Influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde adhesives on the tangential penetration into beech and fir and on the shear strength of the adhesive joints. in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. 2012;70(5):655-665.
doi:10.1007/s00107-012-0599-6
conv_1040 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Dunky, Manfred, Miljković, Jovan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde adhesives on the tangential penetration into beech and fir and on the shear strength of the adhesive joints" in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 70, no. 5 (2012):655-665,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-012-0599-6 .,
conv_1040 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Jasmina
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/442
AB  - Promena dimenzija drveta događa se pri promeni sadržaja higroskopne vlažnosti, a posledica je prisustva hidroksilnih grupa u građi drveta koje su pristupačne za ostvarivanje vodoničnih veza sa molekulima vode. Predtretmani drveta, koji se sve češće primenjuju u procesima prerade drveta, kao jedan od efekata imaju hidrolizu hemicelulozne komponente drveta, koja je nosilac najvećeg dela slobodnih hidroksilnih grupa u drvetu. U ovom radu ispitan je uticaj tretmana vodom i sirćetnom kiselinom koncentracije 3% i 6% u trajanju od 1h, 2h, 3h i 4h na dimenzionalnu stabilnost drveta poljskog jasena. Dimenzionalna stabilnost kontrolnih i tretiranih grupa uzoraka ispitivana je posle sušenja do apsolutno suvog stanja, potapanjem uzoraka u destilovanu vodu u trajanju od 32 dana. Kod sve tri vrste tretmana postignuto je povećanje dimenzionalne stabilnosti drveta poljskog jasena u odnosu na kontrolne grupe uzoraka. Istovremeno, ustanovljeno je da dužina trajanja tretmana nije imala značajan uticaj na iznos upijanja vode i tangencijalnog bubrenja.
AB  - Dimensional change in wood occurs with the change in hygroscopic moisture content, as a consequence of available hydroxyl groups in wood constituents, allowing for the hydrogen bonding with water molecules. Various pretreatments of wood material are being frequently applied in the wood processing industry. One of the main effects of such processes is the hydrolysis of hemicelluloses, which is the main carrier of the free hydroxyl groups in wood material. Hence, the influence of water treatment and the acetic acid treatment on dimensional stability of narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soó & Simon) were examined in this paper. Duration of treatments was 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h for both solvents. In addition the acetic acid was separately used in concentrations of 3% and 6%. Dimensional stability of the control (referent) and treated sample groups were tested on oven dried samples which were consequently submerged in the distilled water during 32 days. The increase of dimensional stability of narrow-leaved ash was achieved with all of the three treatments (one treatment with water and the two with acetic acid solutions). Simultaneously, it was noticed that the results of water uptake and tangential swelling were not significantly affected by the duration (length) of the treatments.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Uticaj hemijskih tretmana na dimenzionalnu stabilnost drveta poljskog jasena - prvi deo - tangencijalno bubrenje
T1  - Influence of chemical treatment on dimensional stability of narrow-leaved ash: part one: Tangential swelling
EP  - 168
IS  - 106
SP  - 151
DO  - 10.2298/GSF1206151P
UR  - conv_376
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Jasmina and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Promena dimenzija drveta događa se pri promeni sadržaja higroskopne vlažnosti, a posledica je prisustva hidroksilnih grupa u građi drveta koje su pristupačne za ostvarivanje vodoničnih veza sa molekulima vode. Predtretmani drveta, koji se sve češće primenjuju u procesima prerade drveta, kao jedan od efekata imaju hidrolizu hemicelulozne komponente drveta, koja je nosilac najvećeg dela slobodnih hidroksilnih grupa u drvetu. U ovom radu ispitan je uticaj tretmana vodom i sirćetnom kiselinom koncentracije 3% i 6% u trajanju od 1h, 2h, 3h i 4h na dimenzionalnu stabilnost drveta poljskog jasena. Dimenzionalna stabilnost kontrolnih i tretiranih grupa uzoraka ispitivana je posle sušenja do apsolutno suvog stanja, potapanjem uzoraka u destilovanu vodu u trajanju od 32 dana. Kod sve tri vrste tretmana postignuto je povećanje dimenzionalne stabilnosti drveta poljskog jasena u odnosu na kontrolne grupe uzoraka. Istovremeno, ustanovljeno je da dužina trajanja tretmana nije imala značajan uticaj na iznos upijanja vode i tangencijalnog bubrenja., Dimensional change in wood occurs with the change in hygroscopic moisture content, as a consequence of available hydroxyl groups in wood constituents, allowing for the hydrogen bonding with water molecules. Various pretreatments of wood material are being frequently applied in the wood processing industry. One of the main effects of such processes is the hydrolysis of hemicelluloses, which is the main carrier of the free hydroxyl groups in wood material. Hence, the influence of water treatment and the acetic acid treatment on dimensional stability of narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. ssp. Pannonica Soó & Simon) were examined in this paper. Duration of treatments was 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h for both solvents. In addition the acetic acid was separately used in concentrations of 3% and 6%. Dimensional stability of the control (referent) and treated sample groups were tested on oven dried samples which were consequently submerged in the distilled water during 32 days. The increase of dimensional stability of narrow-leaved ash was achieved with all of the three treatments (one treatment with water and the two with acetic acid solutions). Simultaneously, it was noticed that the results of water uptake and tangential swelling were not significantly affected by the duration (length) of the treatments.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Uticaj hemijskih tretmana na dimenzionalnu stabilnost drveta poljskog jasena - prvi deo - tangencijalno bubrenje, Influence of chemical treatment on dimensional stability of narrow-leaved ash: part one: Tangential swelling",
pages = "168-151",
number = "106",
doi = "10.2298/GSF1206151P",
url = "conv_376"
}

Popović, J.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2012). Uticaj hemijskih tretmana na dimenzionalnu stabilnost drveta poljskog jasena - prvi deo - tangencijalno bubrenje. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(106), 151-168.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1206151P
conv_376

Popović J, Điporović-Momčilović M. Uticaj hemijskih tretmana na dimenzionalnu stabilnost drveta poljskog jasena - prvi deo - tangencijalno bubrenje. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2012;(106):151-168.
doi:10.2298/GSF1206151P
conv_376 .

Popović, Jasmina, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Uticaj hemijskih tretmana na dimenzionalnu stabilnost drveta poljskog jasena - prvi deo - tangencijalno bubrenje" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 106 (2012):151-168,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1206151P .,
conv_376 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Dunky, Manfred
AU  - Miljković, Jovan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/487
AB  - This paper is the final part of a series reporting on the penetration (P) and bonding behaviour of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins of different viscosities based on different degrees of condensation (DCs). The various resins were applied onto radial and tangential wood surfaces, and solid wood assemblies were prepared by hot pressing. P-t and P-r were observed by evaluation of photomicrographs of the bond lines. The mean and maximum depth of penetration was inversely proportional to the DC. The average depth of P-t was found to be slightly higher than P-r because of the abundance of pits on the radial walls. However, the maximum P was higher in radial direction, due to the elliptic shape of vessels in poplar as well as due to rays improving the resin flow. The lap shear strength (sigma(m)) of the same bonded assemblies was determined. Despite the fact that the wood failure always was very high, the sigma(m) increased with the better penetration of the resins with low viscosity. The higher strength values measured has been interpreted as a fortification effect of the interphase by bulk resin penetration, as cell wall penetration cannot be expected due to the large size of such resin molecules.
T2  - Holzforschung
T1  - Influence of the viscosity of UF resins on the radial and tangential penetration into poplar wood and on the shear strength of adhesive joints
EP  - 856
IS  - 7
SP  - 849
VL  - 66
DO  - 10.1515/hf-2011-0177
UR  - conv_1049
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Dunky, Manfred and Miljković, Jovan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2012",
abstract = "This paper is the final part of a series reporting on the penetration (P) and bonding behaviour of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins of different viscosities based on different degrees of condensation (DCs). The various resins were applied onto radial and tangential wood surfaces, and solid wood assemblies were prepared by hot pressing. P-t and P-r were observed by evaluation of photomicrographs of the bond lines. The mean and maximum depth of penetration was inversely proportional to the DC. The average depth of P-t was found to be slightly higher than P-r because of the abundance of pits on the radial walls. However, the maximum P was higher in radial direction, due to the elliptic shape of vessels in poplar as well as due to rays improving the resin flow. The lap shear strength (sigma(m)) of the same bonded assemblies was determined. Despite the fact that the wood failure always was very high, the sigma(m) increased with the better penetration of the resins with low viscosity. The higher strength values measured has been interpreted as a fortification effect of the interphase by bulk resin penetration, as cell wall penetration cannot be expected due to the large size of such resin molecules.",
journal = "Holzforschung",
title = "Influence of the viscosity of UF resins on the radial and tangential penetration into poplar wood and on the shear strength of adhesive joints",
pages = "856-849",
number = "7",
volume = "66",
doi = "10.1515/hf-2011-0177",
url = "conv_1049"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Dunky, M., Miljković, J.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2012). Influence of the viscosity of UF resins on the radial and tangential penetration into poplar wood and on the shear strength of adhesive joints. in Holzforschung, 66(7), 849-856.
https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2011-0177
conv_1049

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Dunky M, Miljković J, Điporović-Momčilović M. Influence of the viscosity of UF resins on the radial and tangential penetration into poplar wood and on the shear strength of adhesive joints. in Holzforschung. 2012;66(7):849-856.
doi:10.1515/hf-2011-0177
conv_1049 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Dunky, Manfred, Miljković, Jovan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Influence of the viscosity of UF resins on the radial and tangential penetration into poplar wood and on the shear strength of adhesive joints" in Holzforschung, 66, no. 7 (2012):849-856,
https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2011-0177 .,
conv_1049 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Miljković, Jovan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/349
AB  - Penetration is the ability of an adhesive to move into the voids on the surface of a substrate or into the substrate itself. The cellular nature of wood can cause significant penetration of an adhesive into the substrate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the degree of condensation of ureaformaldehyde (UF) resins on the radial penetration into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) and hence on the distribution of resin in the wood tissue by means of microscopic determination. Three UF resins with different degrees of condensation together with extender and hardener were used as adhesive mixes and were applied onto one of the surfaces to be bonded by hot pressing parallel to the grain direction, with Safranin added as a coloring agent. Microtome slides (20 μm thick) were cut from each joint sample, showing the bondline and the two adherends with the resin penetrated in radial direction. The depth of adhesive penetration was determined by epi-fluorescence microscopy. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower is the penetration possibility, expressed as 'Average penetration' depth (AP). The portion of filled tracheids in the radial direction on both sides of the bondline ('Filled interphase region', FIR) however, did not depend statistically on the viscosity of the resin mix.
PB  - CRC Press
T2  - Wood Adhesives
T1  - Influence of the degree of condensation on the radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesives into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) wood tissue
EP  - 80
SP  - 63
UR  - conv_2230
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Miljković, Jovan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Penetration is the ability of an adhesive to move into the voids on the surface of a substrate or into the substrate itself. The cellular nature of wood can cause significant penetration of an adhesive into the substrate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the degree of condensation of ureaformaldehyde (UF) resins on the radial penetration into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) and hence on the distribution of resin in the wood tissue by means of microscopic determination. Three UF resins with different degrees of condensation together with extender and hardener were used as adhesive mixes and were applied onto one of the surfaces to be bonded by hot pressing parallel to the grain direction, with Safranin added as a coloring agent. Microtome slides (20 μm thick) were cut from each joint sample, showing the bondline and the two adherends with the resin penetrated in radial direction. The depth of adhesive penetration was determined by epi-fluorescence microscopy. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower is the penetration possibility, expressed as 'Average penetration' depth (AP). The portion of filled tracheids in the radial direction on both sides of the bondline ('Filled interphase region', FIR) however, did not depend statistically on the viscosity of the resin mix.",
publisher = "CRC Press",
journal = "Wood Adhesives",
booktitle = "Influence of the degree of condensation on the radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesives into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) wood tissue",
pages = "80-63",
url = "conv_2230"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Miljković, J.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2011). Influence of the degree of condensation on the radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesives into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) wood tissue. in Wood Adhesives
CRC Press., 63-80.
conv_2230

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Miljković J, Điporović-Momčilović M. Influence of the degree of condensation on the radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesives into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) wood tissue. in Wood Adhesives. 2011;:63-80.
conv_2230 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Miljković, Jovan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Influence of the degree of condensation on the radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesives into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) wood tissue" in Wood Adhesives (2011):63-80,
conv_2230 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Dunky, M.
AU  - Miljković, Jovan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/369
AB  - Penetration of adhesives plays an important role in wood adhesion, since wood is a porous material. Objectives of this work were (i) the evaluation of the influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins on their penetration into beech, showing the distribution of the adhesive in the cell layers close to the bondline using microscopic detection, and (ii) the comparison of data for beech with results for fir obtained earlier. The degree of penetration mostly depends on the permeability and porosity of the wood surface as well as on the resin type and the size of the resin molecules. The process parameters, which also can affect penetration, were kept constant throughout all tests performed. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins and adhesive mixes based on these resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower the possibility for penetration, expressed as "Average penetration depth" (AP). AP into beech is higher than into fir. The portion of filled tracheids and vessels on the whole cross section of the interphase ("Filled interphase region" FIR) increases slightly with the degree of condensation, but this increase is not statistically significant. FIR in fir is higher than in beech.
PB  - CRC Press
T2  - Wood Adhesives
T1  - Radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesive resins into beech (Fagus Moesiaca)
EP  - 96
SP  - 81
UR  - conv_2243
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Dunky, M. and Miljković, Jovan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Penetration of adhesives plays an important role in wood adhesion, since wood is a porous material. Objectives of this work were (i) the evaluation of the influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins on their penetration into beech, showing the distribution of the adhesive in the cell layers close to the bondline using microscopic detection, and (ii) the comparison of data for beech with results for fir obtained earlier. The degree of penetration mostly depends on the permeability and porosity of the wood surface as well as on the resin type and the size of the resin molecules. The process parameters, which also can affect penetration, were kept constant throughout all tests performed. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins and adhesive mixes based on these resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower the possibility for penetration, expressed as "Average penetration depth" (AP). AP into beech is higher than into fir. The portion of filled tracheids and vessels on the whole cross section of the interphase ("Filled interphase region" FIR) increases slightly with the degree of condensation, but this increase is not statistically significant. FIR in fir is higher than in beech.",
publisher = "CRC Press",
journal = "Wood Adhesives",
booktitle = "Radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesive resins into beech (Fagus Moesiaca)",
pages = "96-81",
url = "conv_2243"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Dunky, M., Miljković, J.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2011). Radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesive resins into beech (Fagus Moesiaca). in Wood Adhesives
CRC Press., 81-96.
conv_2243

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Dunky M, Miljković J, Điporović-Momčilović M. Radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesive resins into beech (Fagus Moesiaca). in Wood Adhesives. 2011;:81-96.
conv_2243 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Dunky, M., Miljković, Jovan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Radial penetration of urea-formaldehyde adhesive resins into beech (Fagus Moesiaca)" in Wood Adhesives (2011):81-96,
conv_2243 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
AU  - Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava
AU  - Jovičić, Mirjana
AU  - Mursics, Joszef
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Pavličević, Jelena
AU  - Ristić, Ivan
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/402
AB  - Metoda diferencijalne skanirajuće kalorimetrije (DSC) upotrebljena je za određivanje kinetike umrežavanja dva komercijalna urea-formaldehidna adheziva sa različitim molskim odnosom formaldehida i uree (F/U). Merenja su obavljena u dinamičkom režimu pri brzinama zagrevanja od 5, 10, 15 i 20°C·min-1. Na osnovu vrednosti temperature maksimuma na egzotermnom piku DSC krive vidi se da adheziv UF1 umrežava na nižim temperaturama (adheziv sa višim molskim odnosom F/U), što odgovara nižoj izračunatoj vrednosti energije aktivacije, Ea, za isti adheziv koja iznosi 73,4 kJ·mol-1 u poređenju sa 77,7 kJ·mol-1 za adheziv UF2. Dobijeni podaci takođe su analizirani pomoću modela izokonverzije OFW (Ozawa-Flynn-Wall) i KAS (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose). Oba primenjena modela ukazuju na uticaj stepena umrežavanja na energiju aktivacije, pri čemu je KAS kinetički model pokazao nešto niže vrednosti energije aktivacije. Zanimljivo je uočiti različito ponašanje ispitivanih adheziva tokom njihovog umrežavanja. Rezultati ispitivanja pokazuju rast energije aktivacije sa porastom stepena konverzije kod adheziva UF1, dok je konstantno smanjenje Ea tokom reakcije umrežavanja karakteristično za adheziv UF2. Pored navedenog, obavljena su DSC merenja pri različitom dodatku amonijum-hlorida kao katalizatora i pri brzini zagrevanja od 10°C·min-1. Rezultati merenja ukazali su da povećanje dodatka katalizatora od 0,2 do 1,0% utiče na povećanje entalpije reakcije kod adheziva UF2, dok isti uticaj nije zabeležen kod adheziva UF1.
AB  - Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to evaluate the curing kinetics of two commercial urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives having different formaldehyde to urea (F/U) ratio of 1.112 (UF1) and 1.086 (UF2). DSC measurements were done in dynamic scanning regime with heating rates of 5, 10, 15 and 20°C/min in order to determine the activation energy for each adhesive. Obtained data were analyzed using isoconversional methods with application of Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose kinetic models. In addition, different catalyst levels were tested at the heating rate of 10°C/min. The results showed that the adhesive with higher F/U ratio achieved higher activation energy, while having lower peak temperature of curing reaction. It was also noticed that the increase of catalyst level influenced the increase of reaction enthalpy of the adhesive with lower F/U ratio.
PB  - Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd
T2  - Hemijska industrija
T1  - Izučavanje kinetike umrežavanja dva komercijalna urea-formaldehidna adheziva primenom metode izokonverzije
T1  - Curing kinetics of two commercial urea-formaldehyde adhesives studied by isoconversional method
EP  - 726
IS  - 6
SP  - 717
VL  - 65
DO  - 10.2298/HEMIND110912088P
UR  - conv_627
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Mlađan and Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava and Jovičić, Mirjana and Mursics, Joszef and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Pavličević, Jelena and Ristić, Ivan",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Metoda diferencijalne skanirajuće kalorimetrije (DSC) upotrebljena je za određivanje kinetike umrežavanja dva komercijalna urea-formaldehidna adheziva sa različitim molskim odnosom formaldehida i uree (F/U). Merenja su obavljena u dinamičkom režimu pri brzinama zagrevanja od 5, 10, 15 i 20°C·min-1. Na osnovu vrednosti temperature maksimuma na egzotermnom piku DSC krive vidi se da adheziv UF1 umrežava na nižim temperaturama (adheziv sa višim molskim odnosom F/U), što odgovara nižoj izračunatoj vrednosti energije aktivacije, Ea, za isti adheziv koja iznosi 73,4 kJ·mol-1 u poređenju sa 77,7 kJ·mol-1 za adheziv UF2. Dobijeni podaci takođe su analizirani pomoću modela izokonverzije OFW (Ozawa-Flynn-Wall) i KAS (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose). Oba primenjena modela ukazuju na uticaj stepena umrežavanja na energiju aktivacije, pri čemu je KAS kinetički model pokazao nešto niže vrednosti energije aktivacije. Zanimljivo je uočiti različito ponašanje ispitivanih adheziva tokom njihovog umrežavanja. Rezultati ispitivanja pokazuju rast energije aktivacije sa porastom stepena konverzije kod adheziva UF1, dok je konstantno smanjenje Ea tokom reakcije umrežavanja karakteristično za adheziv UF2. Pored navedenog, obavljena su DSC merenja pri različitom dodatku amonijum-hlorida kao katalizatora i pri brzini zagrevanja od 10°C·min-1. Rezultati merenja ukazali su da povećanje dodatka katalizatora od 0,2 do 1,0% utiče na povećanje entalpije reakcije kod adheziva UF2, dok isti uticaj nije zabeležen kod adheziva UF1., Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to evaluate the curing kinetics of two commercial urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives having different formaldehyde to urea (F/U) ratio of 1.112 (UF1) and 1.086 (UF2). DSC measurements were done in dynamic scanning regime with heating rates of 5, 10, 15 and 20°C/min in order to determine the activation energy for each adhesive. Obtained data were analyzed using isoconversional methods with application of Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose kinetic models. In addition, different catalyst levels were tested at the heating rate of 10°C/min. The results showed that the adhesive with higher F/U ratio achieved higher activation energy, while having lower peak temperature of curing reaction. It was also noticed that the increase of catalyst level influenced the increase of reaction enthalpy of the adhesive with lower F/U ratio.",
publisher = "Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd",
journal = "Hemijska industrija",
title = "Izučavanje kinetike umrežavanja dva komercijalna urea-formaldehidna adheziva primenom metode izokonverzije, Curing kinetics of two commercial urea-formaldehyde adhesives studied by isoconversional method",
pages = "726-717",
number = "6",
volume = "65",
doi = "10.2298/HEMIND110912088P",
url = "conv_627"
}

Popović, M., Budinski-Simendić, J., Jovičić, M., Mursics, J., Điporović-Momčilović, M., Pavličević, J.,& Ristić, I.. (2011). Izučavanje kinetike umrežavanja dva komercijalna urea-formaldehidna adheziva primenom metode izokonverzije. in Hemijska industrija
Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd., 65(6), 717-726.
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND110912088P
conv_627

Popović M, Budinski-Simendić J, Jovičić M, Mursics J, Điporović-Momčilović M, Pavličević J, Ristić I. Izučavanje kinetike umrežavanja dva komercijalna urea-formaldehidna adheziva primenom metode izokonverzije. in Hemijska industrija. 2011;65(6):717-726.
doi:10.2298/HEMIND110912088P
conv_627 .

Popović, Mlađan, Budinski-Simendić, Jaroslava, Jovičić, Mirjana, Mursics, Joszef, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Pavličević, Jelena, Ristić, Ivan, "Izučavanje kinetike umrežavanja dva komercijalna urea-formaldehidna adheziva primenom metode izokonverzije" in Hemijska industrija, 65, no. 6 (2011):717-726,
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND110912088P .,
conv_627 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Nesković, Olivera
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Popović, Mlađan
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/333
AB  - This paper describes some results obtained in an investigation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins of different degrees of polymerisation by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). MALDI-TOF MS proved to be an appropriate technique for analyzing these types of polymers, bearing in mind that the results of the analysis correspond with previous physical and chemical measurements. This technique enables a relatively swift determination of the degree of polymerrisation through the monitoring of key changes in the structure of a polymer. Thus, in the analysis of UF resins, it may be possible to monitor a decrease in the intensity of the monohydroxymethyl urea (MMU) signal, which corresponds to an increase of the mass spectra values in the mass range of higher homologues, above 1000 g mol(-1). A noticeable difference concerns the signal intensities in the higher mass ranges (up to 1400 g mol(-1)), which corresponds to more branched and longer homologues of the polymers. Especially, a significantly more intensive signal of MMU was registered. The average molecular weight (MW) of the examined samples was between 936 and 1324 g mol(-1), with a maximal deviation of 20 %, depending on the ratios of the reactants.
PB  - Srpsko hemijsko društvo, Beograd
T2  - Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society
T1  - Molar-mass distribution of urea-formaldehyde resins of different degrees of polymerisation by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
EP  - 699
IS  - 5
SP  - 689
VL  - 75
DO  - 10.2298/JSC091030036G
UR  - conv_908
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Nesković, Olivera and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Popović, Mlađan",
year = "2010",
abstract = "This paper describes some results obtained in an investigation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins of different degrees of polymerisation by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). MALDI-TOF MS proved to be an appropriate technique for analyzing these types of polymers, bearing in mind that the results of the analysis correspond with previous physical and chemical measurements. This technique enables a relatively swift determination of the degree of polymerrisation through the monitoring of key changes in the structure of a polymer. Thus, in the analysis of UF resins, it may be possible to monitor a decrease in the intensity of the monohydroxymethyl urea (MMU) signal, which corresponds to an increase of the mass spectra values in the mass range of higher homologues, above 1000 g mol(-1). A noticeable difference concerns the signal intensities in the higher mass ranges (up to 1400 g mol(-1)), which corresponds to more branched and longer homologues of the polymers. Especially, a significantly more intensive signal of MMU was registered. The average molecular weight (MW) of the examined samples was between 936 and 1324 g mol(-1), with a maximal deviation of 20 %, depending on the ratios of the reactants.",
publisher = "Srpsko hemijsko društvo, Beograd",
journal = "Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society",
title = "Molar-mass distribution of urea-formaldehyde resins of different degrees of polymerisation by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry",
pages = "699-689",
number = "5",
volume = "75",
doi = "10.2298/JSC091030036G",
url = "conv_908"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Nesković, O., Điporović-Momčilović, M.,& Popović, M.. (2010). Molar-mass distribution of urea-formaldehyde resins of different degrees of polymerisation by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society
Srpsko hemijsko društvo, Beograd., 75(5), 689-699.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC091030036G
conv_908

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Nesković O, Điporović-Momčilović M, Popović M. Molar-mass distribution of urea-formaldehyde resins of different degrees of polymerisation by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society. 2010;75(5):689-699.
doi:10.2298/JSC091030036G
conv_908 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Nesković, Olivera, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Popović, Mlađan, "Molar-mass distribution of urea-formaldehyde resins of different degrees of polymerisation by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry" in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 75, no. 5 (2010):689-699,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC091030036G .,
conv_908 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Miljković, Jovan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/297
AB  - Penetration is the ability of an adhesive to move into the voids on the surface of a substrate or into the substrate itself. The cellular nature of wood can cause significant penetration of an adhesive into the substrate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins on the radial penetration into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) and hence on the distribution of resin in the wood tissue by means of microscopic determination. Three UF resins with different degrees of condensation together with extender and hardener were used as adhesive mixes and were applied onto one of the surfaces to be bonded by hot pressing parallel to the grain direction, with Safranin added as a coloring agent. Microtome slides (20 mu m thick) were cut from each joint sample, showing the bondline and the two adherends with the resin penetrated in radial direction. The depth of adhesive penetration was determined by epi-fluorescence microscopy. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower is the penetration possibility, expressed as 'Average penetration' depth (AP). The portion of filled tracheids in the radial direction on both sides of the bondline ('Filled interphase region', FIR) however, did not depend statistically on the viscosity of the resin mix.
T2  - Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology
T1  - Influence of the Degree of Condensation on the Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives into Silver Fir ( Abies alba , Mill.) Wood Tissue
EP  - 1453
IS  - 8-10
SP  - 1437
VL  - 24
DO  - 10.1163/016942410X501034
UR  - conv_947
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Miljković, Jovan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Penetration is the ability of an adhesive to move into the voids on the surface of a substrate or into the substrate itself. The cellular nature of wood can cause significant penetration of an adhesive into the substrate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins on the radial penetration into silver fir (Abies alba, Mill.) and hence on the distribution of resin in the wood tissue by means of microscopic determination. Three UF resins with different degrees of condensation together with extender and hardener were used as adhesive mixes and were applied onto one of the surfaces to be bonded by hot pressing parallel to the grain direction, with Safranin added as a coloring agent. Microtome slides (20 mu m thick) were cut from each joint sample, showing the bondline and the two adherends with the resin penetrated in radial direction. The depth of adhesive penetration was determined by epi-fluorescence microscopy. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower is the penetration possibility, expressed as 'Average penetration' depth (AP). The portion of filled tracheids in the radial direction on both sides of the bondline ('Filled interphase region', FIR) however, did not depend statistically on the viscosity of the resin mix.",
journal = "Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology",
title = "Influence of the Degree of Condensation on the Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives into Silver Fir ( Abies alba , Mill.) Wood Tissue",
pages = "1453-1437",
number = "8-10",
volume = "24",
doi = "10.1163/016942410X501034",
url = "conv_947"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Miljković, J.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2010). Influence of the Degree of Condensation on the Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives into Silver Fir ( Abies alba , Mill.) Wood Tissue. in Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 24(8-10), 1437-1453.
https://doi.org/10.1163/016942410X501034
conv_947

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Miljković J, Điporović-Momčilović M. Influence of the Degree of Condensation on the Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives into Silver Fir ( Abies alba , Mill.) Wood Tissue. in Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. 2010;24(8-10):1437-1453.
doi:10.1163/016942410X501034
conv_947 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Miljković, Jovan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Influence of the Degree of Condensation on the Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives into Silver Fir ( Abies alba , Mill.) Wood Tissue" in Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 24, no. 8-10 (2010):1437-1453,
https://doi.org/10.1163/016942410X501034 .,
conv_947 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Dunky, Manfred
AU  - Miljković, Jovan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/296
AB  - Penetration of adhesives plays an important role in wood adhesion, since wood is a porous material. Objectives of this work were (i) the evaluation of the influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins on their penetration into beech, showing the distribution of the adhesive in the cell layers close to the bondline using microscopic detection, and (ii) the comparison of data for beech with results for fir obtained earlier. The degree of penetration mostly depends on the permeability and porosity of the wood surface as well as on the resin type and the size of the resin molecules. The process parameters, which also can affect penetration, were kept constant throughout all tests performed. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins and adhesive mixes based on these resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower the possibility for penetration, expressed as "Average penetration depth" (AP). AP into beech is higher than into fir. The portion of filled tracheids and vessels on the whole cross section of the interphase ("Filled interphase region" FIR) increases slightly with the degree of condensation, but this increase is not statistically significant. FIR in fir is higher than in beech.
T2  - Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology
T1  - Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesive Resins into Beech ( Fagus Moesiaca )
EP  - 1768
IS  - 8-10
SP  - 1753
VL  - 24
DO  - 10.1163/016942410X507812
UR  - conv_948
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Dunky, Manfred and Miljković, Jovan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Penetration of adhesives plays an important role in wood adhesion, since wood is a porous material. Objectives of this work were (i) the evaluation of the influence of the degree of condensation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins on their penetration into beech, showing the distribution of the adhesive in the cell layers close to the bondline using microscopic detection, and (ii) the comparison of data for beech with results for fir obtained earlier. The degree of penetration mostly depends on the permeability and porosity of the wood surface as well as on the resin type and the size of the resin molecules. The process parameters, which also can affect penetration, were kept constant throughout all tests performed. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behavior and the degree of condensation (molecular size, viscosity) of the resins and adhesive mixes based on these resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower the possibility for penetration, expressed as "Average penetration depth" (AP). AP into beech is higher than into fir. The portion of filled tracheids and vessels on the whole cross section of the interphase ("Filled interphase region" FIR) increases slightly with the degree of condensation, but this increase is not statistically significant. FIR in fir is higher than in beech.",
journal = "Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology",
title = "Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesive Resins into Beech ( Fagus Moesiaca )",
pages = "1768-1753",
number = "8-10",
volume = "24",
doi = "10.1163/016942410X507812",
url = "conv_948"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Dunky, M., Miljković, J.,& Điporović-Momčilović, M.. (2010). Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesive Resins into Beech ( Fagus Moesiaca ). in Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 24(8-10), 1753-1768.
https://doi.org/10.1163/016942410X507812
conv_948

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Dunky M, Miljković J, Điporović-Momčilović M. Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesive Resins into Beech ( Fagus Moesiaca ). in Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. 2010;24(8-10):1753-1768.
doi:10.1163/016942410X507812
conv_948 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Dunky, Manfred, Miljković, Jovan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, "Radial Penetration of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesive Resins into Beech ( Fagus Moesiaca )" in Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 24, no. 8-10 (2010):1753-1768,
https://doi.org/10.1163/016942410X507812 .,
conv_948 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana
AU  - Miljković, Jovan
AU  - Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka
AU  - Radošević, Gordana
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/277
AB  - Penetracija predstavlja sposobnost adheziva da ulazi u praznine na površini drveta ili u samo drvo. Ćelijska priroda drveta omogućava značajnu penetraciju adheziva u tkivo drveta. Predmet ovog istraživanja je procena penetracije, a potom i distribucije urea-formaldehidnih (UF) smola mikroskopskom detekcijom penetracije odgovarajućih UF adheziva u tkivo drveta. Tangencijalno rezane daščice (bočnice) drveta obične jele (Abies alba Mill.) debljine 5 mm, dužine 100 mm (paralelno sa vlaknima) i širine 30 mm pripremljene su za ovo istraživanje. U svrhu ovog istraživanja korišćene su četiri UF smole različitog stepena polikondenzacije. U veziva je dodat safranin pošto je za merenje dubine penetracije adheziva korišćen epi-fluorescentni mikroskop. UF adhezivi, sastavljeni od različitih smola, punioca i katalizatora, nanešeni su na površinu jedne pločice. Dve daščice, jedna sa i jedna bez adheziva, su slepljene u uzorak tako da su im paralelna drvna vlakna. Uzorci su presovani u hidrauličnoj presi 15 min na temperaturi od 120°C i pritisku od 1,0 MPa. Poprečni mikrotomski preparati, debljine 20 μm isečeni su iz svakog uzorka na klizećem mikrotomu. Rezultati pokazuju značajnu zavisnost između penetracije i stepena kondenzacije (veličine molekula, viskoziteta) smole. Što je veći stepen kondenzacije, manja je mogućnost za penetraciju, izražena kao prosečna penetracija (PP) i kao udeo ispunjenih traheida u odnosu na celu zonu lepljenja (ispunjenost zone lepljenja).
AB  - Penetration is the ability of the adhesive to move into the voids on the substrate surface or into the substrate itself. Wood's cellular nature allows significant penetration of the adhesive into the substrate. Objective of this work was the evaluation of the penetration and hence the distribution of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins by means of microscopic detection of the penetration of such UF adhesives into the wood tissue. Tangentially cut 5 mm thick silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) plies, 100 mm long (parallel to the grain) and 30 mm width, were prepared for this study. Four types of UF resins with different degree of condensation were investigated in this research. Safranin was added to the resins and epi-fluorescence microscope was used for measuring the adhesive penetration. The UF adhesive mixes, consisting of the various resins, extender and hardener were applied to the surface of one ply. Two plies, one with applied adhesive mix and one without adhesive mix, were assembled with parallel grain direction. Samples were pressed in a hydraulic press at 120°C and 1.0 MPa for 15 minutes. Test-specimens of 20 μm thickness were cut of each sample using a sliding microtome apparatus, exposing a bondline on a cross-sectional surface. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behaviour and the degree of condensation (molecular sizes, viscosity) of the resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower the possibility for penetration, expresses as average penetration (AP) and as portion of filled tracheids on the whole cross section of interphase (filled interphase region FIR).
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Penetracija urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u tkivo drveta, deo II - radijalna penetracija UF adheziva u drvo jele
T1  - Penetration of urea formaldehyde adhesives in wood tissue, Part II: Radial penetration of UF adhesives into silver fir
EP  - 42
IS  - 99
SP  - 33
DO  - 10.2298/GSF0999033G
UR  - conv_302
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana and Miljković, Jovan and Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka and Radošević, Gordana",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Penetracija predstavlja sposobnost adheziva da ulazi u praznine na površini drveta ili u samo drvo. Ćelijska priroda drveta omogućava značajnu penetraciju adheziva u tkivo drveta. Predmet ovog istraživanja je procena penetracije, a potom i distribucije urea-formaldehidnih (UF) smola mikroskopskom detekcijom penetracije odgovarajućih UF adheziva u tkivo drveta. Tangencijalno rezane daščice (bočnice) drveta obične jele (Abies alba Mill.) debljine 5 mm, dužine 100 mm (paralelno sa vlaknima) i širine 30 mm pripremljene su za ovo istraživanje. U svrhu ovog istraživanja korišćene su četiri UF smole različitog stepena polikondenzacije. U veziva je dodat safranin pošto je za merenje dubine penetracije adheziva korišćen epi-fluorescentni mikroskop. UF adhezivi, sastavljeni od različitih smola, punioca i katalizatora, nanešeni su na površinu jedne pločice. Dve daščice, jedna sa i jedna bez adheziva, su slepljene u uzorak tako da su im paralelna drvna vlakna. Uzorci su presovani u hidrauličnoj presi 15 min na temperaturi od 120°C i pritisku od 1,0 MPa. Poprečni mikrotomski preparati, debljine 20 μm isečeni su iz svakog uzorka na klizećem mikrotomu. Rezultati pokazuju značajnu zavisnost između penetracije i stepena kondenzacije (veličine molekula, viskoziteta) smole. Što je veći stepen kondenzacije, manja je mogućnost za penetraciju, izražena kao prosečna penetracija (PP) i kao udeo ispunjenih traheida u odnosu na celu zonu lepljenja (ispunjenost zone lepljenja)., Penetration is the ability of the adhesive to move into the voids on the substrate surface or into the substrate itself. Wood's cellular nature allows significant penetration of the adhesive into the substrate. Objective of this work was the evaluation of the penetration and hence the distribution of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins by means of microscopic detection of the penetration of such UF adhesives into the wood tissue. Tangentially cut 5 mm thick silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) plies, 100 mm long (parallel to the grain) and 30 mm width, were prepared for this study. Four types of UF resins with different degree of condensation were investigated in this research. Safranin was added to the resins and epi-fluorescence microscope was used for measuring the adhesive penetration. The UF adhesive mixes, consisting of the various resins, extender and hardener were applied to the surface of one ply. Two plies, one with applied adhesive mix and one without adhesive mix, were assembled with parallel grain direction. Samples were pressed in a hydraulic press at 120°C and 1.0 MPa for 15 minutes. Test-specimens of 20 μm thickness were cut of each sample using a sliding microtome apparatus, exposing a bondline on a cross-sectional surface. The results show a significant correlation between the penetration behaviour and the degree of condensation (molecular sizes, viscosity) of the resins. The higher the degree of condensation, the lower the possibility for penetration, expresses as average penetration (AP) and as portion of filled tracheids on the whole cross section of interphase (filled interphase region FIR).",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Penetracija urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u tkivo drveta, deo II - radijalna penetracija UF adheziva u drvo jele, Penetration of urea formaldehyde adhesives in wood tissue, Part II: Radial penetration of UF adhesives into silver fir",
pages = "42-33",
number = "99",
doi = "10.2298/GSF0999033G",
url = "conv_302"
}

Gavrilović-Grmuša, I., Miljković, J., Điporović-Momčilović, M.,& Radošević, G.. (2009). Penetracija urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u tkivo drveta, deo II - radijalna penetracija UF adheziva u drvo jele. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(99), 33-42.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF0999033G
conv_302

Gavrilović-Grmuša I, Miljković J, Điporović-Momčilović M, Radošević G. Penetracija urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u tkivo drveta, deo II - radijalna penetracija UF adheziva u drvo jele. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2009;(99):33-42.
doi:10.2298/GSF0999033G
conv_302 .

Gavrilović-Grmuša, Ivana, Miljković, Jovan, Điporović-Momčilović, Milanka, Radošević, Gordana, "Penetracija urea-formaldehidnog adheziva u tkivo drveta, deo II - radijalna penetracija UF adheziva u drvo jele" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 99 (2009):33-42,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF0999033G .,
conv_302 .