Ekološki i ekonomski efekti održivog upravljanja zemljišnim resursima planinskog područja opštine Ljubovija

Abstract

Savremeni svet je suočen sa potrebom zajedničke odgovornosti za razvoj u skladu sa potrebama ljudi i prirode i shvatanjem da se planeta Zemlja mora očuvati kako za sadašnju, tako i za buduće generacije ljudi na prihvatljiv način. Održivo upravljanje zemljišnim resursima se zasniva na očuvanju zemljišnog resursa i planiranju proizvodnje koja će imati pozitivne efekte. Planinski region je područje gde su procesi degradacije zemljišta izraženi a proizvodne mogućnosti ograničene, što dovodi u pitanje elementarne uslove za život i rad ljudi. Da be se ti efekti ublažili, predložen je konceptualni model održivog upravljanja zemljišnim resursima planinskog područja. Predstavlja jedinstvo ekoloških i ekonomskih parametara u prostornom, vremenskom i upravljačkom smislu. U slivu Trešnjice, gubici zemljišta izazvani dejstvom erozionih procesa su veliki, a produktivnost mala. Stepen ugroženosti zemljišta procesima erozije, ocenjen je metodom potencijala erozije (metod prof. Gavrilovića), i USLE modelom (Univerzalna jednačina gubitaka zemljišta). Uz primenu WOCAT metodologije, za određene geofizičke, socio-ekonomske i institucionalne uslove, predloženi su rehabilitacioni pristupi i tehnike održivog upravljanje zemljišnim resursima...

shared responsibility for a development that is in line with the needs of people and nature, and consideration of the fact that the Earth must be preserved both for the present and future generations of people in an acceptable way. Sustainable management of land resources is based on the conservation of soil resources by planning a production with positive effects. Mountainous regions are areas with significant processes of soil degradation and a limited production capacity, which predetermines the basic living and working conditions of the local people. A conceptual model for a sustainable management of land resources in mountainous areas has been proposed with the aim of mitigating these effects. This model represents the unity of ecological and economic parameters in terms of space, time and management. In the basin of the Trešnjica River, the soil losses caused by the influence of soil erosion processes is high and the productivity is low. The degree of soil vulnerability to erosion processes was evaluated using the erosion potential method (established by Prof. Gavrilovic), and the USLE model (Universal Soil Loss |Equation). Along with the implementation of the WOCAT methodology for specific geophysical, socio-economic and institutional conditions, rehabilitation approaches and techniques for sustainable management of soil resources have been proposed...