Uvidi u dinamiku pH, varijabilnost rastvorenog kiseonika i efikasnost uklanjanja jona u biološkom sistemu sa plutajućim ostrvima

Abstract

Cilj ovog rada je analiza dinamičkih procesa u biološkom sistemu sa plutajućim ostrvima (FTW) konstruisanog na obali reke, sa fokusom na pH, rastvoreni kiseonik (DO) i promenu koncentracija kalcijuma i magnezijuma. Iako je manji broj istraživanja sproveden o ponašanju Ca i Mg u konstruisanim akvatičnim ekosistemima, nisu pronađeni radovi koji bi se posebno bavili mehanizmima uklanjanja ovih jona u FTW. Rezultati su pokazali da su i zagađena i prečišćena voda imale karakteristike slabo alkalne sredine. Ekstremno nizak nivo DO u bazenima sa plutajućim ostrvima povećan je nakon prolaska vode kroz bazen sa algama. Efikasnost uklanjanja Ca u bazenima sa plutajućim ostrvima se kretala od 2% do 6%, dok je u bazenu sa algama postignuta efikasnost od 23% do 49%. Slabo uklanjanje Mg (1-6%) može da ukaže na potencijalne probleme u procesima uklanjanja Mg u FTW. Analiza reakcije biljaka na izlaganje zagađenoj vodi je pokazala varijacije specifične za vrste u koncentracijama Ca i Mg u nadzemnoj biomasi i korenu. Koncentracija Ca u tkivu algi se vremenom povećavala, dok se sadržaja Mg izrazito smanjivao. Studija je takođe ukazala na postepeno smanjenje koncentracije Ca i Mg u kamenoj vuni u skladu sa trajanjem izlaganja supstrata zagađenoj vodi. Ovo istraživanje doprinosi boljem razumevanju složene dinamike prečišćavanja vode u FTW i naglašava potrebu za kontinuiranim istraživanjem mehanizama uklanjanja jona, reakcije biljaka na povećane koncentracije Ca i Mg i uloge algi u ovim biološkim sistemima.

This paper aims to analyse the dynamic responses within FTW constructed on the riverbank, focusing on pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and the dynamics of calcium and magnesium concentrations. While some research has been carried out on Ca and Mg behavior in constructed wetlands no papers specifically addressed the removal mechanisms of these ions in FTWs have been found. Results showed that both polluted and treated water exhibited characteristics consistent with a mildly alkaline environment. Extremely low DO levels in cells with floating islands were increased after water passing through cell with algae. Ca removal efficiency in cells with floating island cells ranged from 2% to 6%, while the cell with algae achieved 23% to 49% efficiency. Modest Mg removal (1-6%) could indicate potential challenges in Mg removal processes within the FTWs. The analysis of plant responses to polluted water exposure reveals species-specific variations in Ca and Mg concentrations in shoots and roots. Ca concentration in algae tissue increased over time contrasting the marked decrease of Mg content. The study also revealed a gradual decrease of Ca and Mg concentration in stone wool corresponding to exposure duration. This research contributes to a better understanding of the complex dynamics of water treatment in FTWs, emphasizing the need for continued investigation into ion removal mechanisms, plant responses to increased Ca and Mg concentrations, and the role of algae in these biological systems.