Klimatske karakteristike pojasa šuma bukve, jele i smrče na planini Vitorog u Republici Srpskoj

Abstract

U radu su analizirane klimatske karakteristike pojasa šuma bukve, jele i smrče na području planine Vitorog u Republici Srpskoj. Korišćeni su podaci sa dve klimatološke stanice: nizijske Šipovo (452 m n.v.) i visinske Glamoč (1131 m n.v.), za 13-godišnji period 2003-2015. godine. Primenom metoda linearnih visinskih gradijenata dobijene su vrednosti klimatskih elemenata za nadmorske visine 900-1800 m, u kome se nalaze šume navedenih vrsta drveća. Prikazane su godišnje i sezonske vrednosti (proleće, leto, jesen, zima, vegetacioni period) najvažnijih klimatskih elemenata ovog pojasa: temperaturni uslovi, padavinski i hidrični režim. Klimatske karakteristike analiziranog područja određene su po Kerneru, Seljaninovu, Furnijeu, De Martonu i Fireru, dok je klasifikacija klime određena po Torntvajtu, Langu i Elenbergu.

The article studies climate characteristics in the belt of beech, fir, and spruce forests in the region of Vitorog Mountain in Republika Srpska. Data from two climatological stations were used: the Šipovo lowland station (452 m above sea level) and the Glamoč highland station (1131 m above sea level) over a 13-year-period (2003-2015). Using linear elevation gradient methods, we obtained the values of climatic elements for the elevations between 900 and 1800 m, where the forests of these tree species grow. The annual and seasonal values (spring, summer, autumn, winter, growing season) of the most important climatic elements of this belt are presented: temperature and precipitation and water regimes. Climate characteristics of the study area were determined using the models developed by Kerner, Seljaninov, Fournier, De Martonne and Führer, and the climate was determined using Thornthwaite, Lang, and Ellenberg climate classifications.