Očuvanje, sakupljanje i promet lekovitih biljaka u Srbiji - istorija, stanje i perspektive

Abstract

Lekovito bilje predstavlja značajan prirodni potencijal Srbije i njegovo očuvanje u in situ uslovima ekološki i ekonomski veoma je bitno. U radu je analizirana važeća Uredba o stavljanju pod kontrolu korišćenja i prometa divlje flore i faune i godišnji izveštaji o kontroli sakupljanja i prometa divljih vrsta flore i faune za period 1993-2016. godine, koje izrađuje Zavod za zaštitu prirode. Predloženo je da se na spisak Uredbe o kontroli, pored postojeće 63 vrste lekovitog bilja, uvrsti još 168 vrsta. Utvrđeno je da je sakupljanjem najopterećenije ukupno 50 vrsta bilja te je predložen monitoring na područjima njihovog sakupljanja. Prikazana je karta otkupnih stanica lekovitog bilja u Srbiji i predloženo 107 vrsta bilja za plantažno gajenje.

Medicinal herbs represent a significant natural potential of the Republic of Serbia and its preservation in "in situ" conditions is environmentally and economically very important. The current Regulation on the control of use and trade of wild flora and fauna as well as the annual reports of the Institute for Nature Conservation of Serbia on the control of the collection and trade of wild species of flora and fauna for the period 1993-2016 have been analyzed. In addition to the existing 63 species of medicinal herbs, it was suggested that another 168 species should be included in the list at Regulation of control. It has been found that 50 types of plants are most burdened with collection and monitoring of these species is proposed in the collection areas. A map of medicinal herbs purchase stations in Serbia is also given and 107 species are proposed for plantation cultivation.