Stavovi proizvođača ukrasnog drveća i žbunja o rasadničkoj proizvodnji dekorativnih kultivara bukve u Srbiji

Abstract

Pored značaja koji ima kao šumska vrsta, evropska bukva (Fagus sylvatica L.) je poznata i kao dekorativna vrsta, zbog svojih brojnih kultivara. Dekorativni kultivari bukve imaju primenu u zelenim prostorima različitih namena, ali je u Srbiji konstatovan mali broj ovakvih stabala. Proizvodnja kultivara bukve je, za sada, zastupljena u veoma malom broju rasadnika, sa neznatnim učešćem ovih sadnica u njihovom ukupnom asortimanu. Cilj rada je ispitivanje stavova proizvođača ukrasnog drveća i žbunja o rasadničkoj proizvodnji dekorativnih kultivara bukve i mogućnostima njenog unapređenja u Srbiji. Kao istraživačke tehnike, korišćeni su anketa 'od vrata do vrata' i pojedinačni, usmereni intervju. U prvoj fazi prikupljanja podataka, anketirani su predstavnici 65 rasadnika na području Srbije (u odabranom statističkom regionu Šumadija i Zapadna Srbija), a u drugoj, predstavnici 10 rasadnika, koji su, prilikom anketiranja, istakli da proizvode dekorativne kultivare bukve. Stavovi rasadničara ukazuju da postoji mogućnost unapređenja proizvodnje dekorativnih kultivara bukve u Srbiji, uz odgovarajuće mere podrške i povećanje zainteresovanosti kupaca na tržištu, odnosno, obezbeđivanje subvencija za proizvodnju ovih sadnica i veću primenu kultivara od strane komunalnih preduzeća u gradovima Srbije.

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is, along with its significance as a forest species, renowned as an ornamental species, due to its numerous cultivars. Ornamental beech cultivars are planted in various green spaces, but a small number of such trees have ascertained in Serbia. For the time being, production of beech cultivars is represented in a very small number of nurseries, with a negligible share of those seedlings in their total assortment. The aim of this research is to study the attitudes of ornamental trees and shrubs producers towards the nursery production of ornamental beech cultivars, and possibilities of its improvements in Serbia. 'Door to door' survey and in-depth interviews were used as research techniques. Surveys with the representatives of 65 nurseries in Serbia (in the selected statistical region Šumadija and Western Serbia) were conducted in the first stage of data collection. In the second stage of data collection were interviewed the representatives of the 10 nurseries who, during the survey, pointed out that they produce ornamental beech cultivars. Nurserymen's attitudes suggest that there is a possibility to improve the production of ornamental beech cultivars in Serbia, with the appropriate support measures and increased interest of customers on the market, i.e. with the provision of subsidies for the production of seedlings and greater use of cultivars by utility companies in the cities of Serbia.