Prisustvo otrovnih drvenastih vrsta na zelenoj površini vrtića 'Suncokreti' u naselju Višnjička Banja, Beograd

Abstract

Otrovne drvenaste i žbunaste vrste nisu poželjne na zelenim površinama školskih a naročito predškolskih ustanova. Međutim, brojne otrovne drvenaste i žbunaste vrste se nalaze na pomenutim površinama, što predstavlja ozbiljnu pretnju po zdravlje dece. Cilj rada je utvrđivanje prisutnosti otrovnih drvenastih i žbunastih vrsta na zelenoj površini obdaništa 'Suncokreti' u prigradskom naselju Višnjička banja u Beogradu, kao i davanje predloga za negu i održavanje objekata ovog tipa. Rezultati su pokazali prisustvo 11 otrovnih vrsta. Po najvećem stepenu otrovnosti izdvajaju se vrste Thuja orientalis L., Laburnum anagyroides Med. i Taxus baccata L. koje, u slučaju dospeća u ljudski organizam, izazivaju teška trovanja koja mogu imati fatalan ishod.

On the green areas preschools and schools can find a variety of woody species, among which there are invasive, allergenic and toxic. Toxic woody species differ in their degree of toxicity. In the case of maturity in the human body of a toxic plants can cause minor, some major disruptions, and some can even lead to death. Toxic woody and shrub species are not desirable in the green areas of school and especially pre-school institutions. Despite numerous poisonous woody and shrub species are found in them, which can pose a serious threat to the health of children. The aim was to determine the presence of poisonous trees and shrub species on the surface of the green kindergarten 'Sunflowers' in the suburb Višnjička banja in Belgrade. The studies were conducted on the green area kindergarten 'Sunflowers' in the suburb Višnjička banja in Belgrade. Determination of trees and shrub species was determined according Vukicevic (1996), and Ocokoljić Ninić-Todorović (2003), Šilic (1990), Cvjetićanin and Perovic (2010). Toxic woody species are separated according Grlić (1984), Frohne, Pfänder (1997), Ivanić et al., (1996). The degree of toxicity was determined according to the type of Ivanić et al., (1996) and Frohne, Pfänder (1997). In relation to whether cause mild, severe or very severe fatal poisoning in case of entry into the body, ascertained poisonous species are divided into conditionally toxic, toxic, very toxic, and types that cause very serious, fatal poisoning. Depending on the size of wood, flowers, fruits and seeds can be more or less accessible to children, and for that reason the diameter of the elements carried by tree growth Banković and Pantić (2006). In the courtyard of the kindergarten 'Sunflowers' was recorded 26 tree species with 227 trees. There are also five species of bush habit, as well as two climbing plants. Of the total of 26 woody species 6 is one of those whose individual parts or the whole plant-toxic (Thuja orientalis, Laburnum anagyroides, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rhus typhina, virgilliana Quercus, Aesculus hippocastanum). Of the five species of woody bushy habit, 3 species belong to the poisonous (Taxus baccata, Prunus laurocerasus, Ligustrum vulgare). Differences were two poi- sonous climbing plants (Hedera helix, Clematis vitalba). In total there are 11 toxic species. It was noted that all poisonous species recorded in the studied area, or their toxic components in more or less accessible to children, and it is accordingly necessary caution educators, and education in terms of recognition of these species and to react in case of an incident. Toxic planting trees and shrub species in parks and other green areas is not necessary to avoid, but it is certainly not desirable to cultivate them in places such as school and pre-school yard where they were always available to children. Better knowledge of poisonous plants, with proper precautions can minimize the number of poisoning. Also, during the planning and design, except toxic, it would be desirable not to predict invasive and allergenic tree species in green areas nursery.