Zaštita od erozije kao preduslov razvoja skijališta na Staroj planini

Abstract

Negativni uticaji na životnu sredinu u ski-centrima Srbije imaju veoma naglašene estetske, funkcionalne i finansijske posledice, što je uočljivo na primeru ski-centra 'Stara planina'. Izgradnja ski-staza utiče na degradaciju zemljišnog i vegetacionog pokrivača. Određene aktivnosti povećavaju erozionu produkciju i pronos nanosa: čiste seče; transport trupaca niz nagib; izgradnja puteva i masivni iskopi. Nedostatak mera za zaštitu od erozije, posebno u periodu april - oktobar, dovodi do različitih oblika deformacije terena, kao što su: brazde, jaruge, klizišta, osuline. Adekvatna zaštita ugroženih površina realizuje se primenom koncepta restauracije i protiverozione zaštite, od nivoa izrade planske i tehničke dokumentacije, do kasnije izgradnje objekata.

The environmental impacts in Serbian ski areas are very strong, leading to landscape degradation, functionality and financial losses, which is illustrated in ski-resort 'Stara planina'. Construction or improvment works cause hard destruction of topsoil and native vegetation. Some activities enhance erosion production and sediment yield: clear cuttings; trunk transport down the slope; road construction and large excavations. Also, lack of erosion control works in ski areas, especially between April and October, result in various forms of land degradation such as furrows, gullies, landslides, or debris from rock weathering. Planning and designing activities, with application of technical and biotechnical erosion control structures, through concept of restoration, are necessary measures in protection of ski areas.