Fitocenološke i edafske karakteristike šuma hrasta kitnjaka na Miroču u severoistočnoj Srbiji

Abstract

Istraživanja su izvršena u prirodnim sastojinama hrasta kitnjaka (Quercus petraea agg. Ehrendorfer 1967) na teritoriji planine Miroč. Proučene su tri zajednice: čista šuma hrasta kitnjaka (Quercetum montanum Čer. et Jov. 1953. s.l.), šuma kitnjaka i graba (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum Rud. 1949. s.l.) i šuma bukve i kitnjaka (Querco-Fagetum Gliš. 1971). Ustanovljeno je da se šume hrasta kitnjaka pojavljuju na sledećim zemljištima: distričnom humusno-silikatnom zemljištu i kiselom smeđem zemljištu na peščaru, distričnom humusno silikatnom zemljištu i kiselim smeđim zemljištima na filitu i škriljcu. Šume hrasta kitnjaka i graba rastu na kiselom smeđem zemljištu na peščaru, granitu i škriljcu. Šume hrasta kitnjaka i bukve proučene su na kiselom smeđem zemljištu na filitu i konglomeratu peščara. Ekološki uslovi na Miroču uticali su na pojavu različitih fitocenoza hrasta kitnjaka, a sprovedene mere gazdovanja uslovile su različito sastojinsko stanje.

This research was carried out in natural stands of sessile oak (Quercus petraea agg. Ehrendorfer 1967) on Miroč mountain. Three comunities were in­vestigated: pure sessile oak forest (Quercetum montanum Čer. et Jov. 1953. s.l.), sessile oak-common hornbeam forest (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum Rud. 1949. s.l.) and sessile oak-balkan beech forest (Querco-Fagetum Gliš. 1971). Pure sessile oak forests are found on the following soils: dystric ranker and okw cambic soil on sandstone, dystric ranker and acid cambisols on phyllite, and acid cambic soil on schists. Sessile oak-hornbeam forests grow on sandstone, granite and schists. Sessile oak-beech forests are found on acid cambisol on phyllite and sandstone conglomerate. Various ecological conditions (aspect, slope, altitude, soil types and bedrock) on Mt Miroč caused the occurence of diverse sessile oak forest communities, while different states of these forest stands resulted from the implementation of management measures.