Asteretum lanceolati - ksenospontana zajednica na vlažnim i priobalnim staništima

Abstract

Invazivna vrsta Aster lanceolatus raste na vlažnim staništima na celoj teritoriji Srbije. U Beogradu je visok stepen prisustva ove vrste zabeležen na nekoliko lokaliteta. Sa ciljem da se istraži zajednica u kojoj dominira ova vrsta, istražena je šira teritorija Srbije, a na teritoriji Beograda je za analizu ove zajednice izdvojeno 8 lokaliteta. Floristička struktura zajednice je utvrđena metodom Braun-Blanquet (1964), fitogeografska analiza je urađena metodom prema Gajiću (1980, 1984), a utvrđivanje bioloških oblika prema Raunkier-u (Ellenberg, Mueller-Dombois, 1967). Na svim istraživanim lokalitetima je urađena analiza pH vrednosti zemljišta kao i električne provodljivosti (EC). Utvrđeno je da ova zajednica dominira vlažnim staništima Beograda. Sastoji se od 104 vrste među kojima su najučestalije Aster lanceolatus Willd., Cichorium intybus L., Agropyrum repens (L.) Beauv., Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Symphytum officinale L. i Rumex obtusifolius L . Što se tiče bioloških oblika, zajednicu odlikuje hemikriptofitski karakter, a sa fitogeografskog aspekta dominantni su evroazijski i srednjeevropski floralni elementi uz izraženo prisustvo kosmopolitskih i adventivnih floralnih elemenata. Na lokalitetima Veliko Ratno ostrvo i Makiš vrednosti EC ukazuju na činjenicu da je količina hranljivih materija veća nego na drugim lokalitetima.

Invasive species Aster lanceolatus grows on moist habitats on the whole territory of Serbia. In Belgrade, this species is recorded with a higher degree of presence at a number of localities. With the aim to investigate the community in which this species is dominant, the wide area of Serbia was researched, and 8 localities on the territory of Belgrade were chosen for the analysis of the community. Floristic structure of the community was determined by the standard Braun-Blanquet method (1964), phytogeographical analysis was performed according to Gajić (1980, 1984), and determination of life forms according to Raunkier (Ellenberg, Mueller-Dombois, 1967). pH soil analysis and electric conductivity (EC) were performed at all investigated localities. It was established that the community dominates the moist habitats of Belgrade. It is composed of 104 species and among them Aster lanceolatus Willd., Cichorium intybus L., Agropyrum repens (L.) Beauv., Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Symphytum officinale L. and Rumex obtusifolius L. are the most frequent. In relation to life forms, the community has hemicriptophytes character, and in relation to phytogeography Euroasian and Middle Europaean floral elements are dominant, with a high presence of cosmopolitan and adventive floral elements. On the locialities Veliko Ratno ostrvo (island) and Makiš, EC values point to the fact that the amount of nutrient in the soil is higher than at other localities.