Transport oblovine mekih lišćara forvarderom John Deere 1410D u ravničarskim područjima

Abstract

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja efekata rada na poslovima transporta oblovine mekih lišćara forvarderom John Deere 1410 D. Snimanje je izvršeno u različitim uslovima rada. Na bazi rezultata istraživanja izvršena je procena uticaja karakteristika terena i načina rada na efekte rada forvardera. Pored toga, izvršena je analiza elemenata transportnog ciklusa i kvantifikovan njihov uticaj i značaj. Učinak forvardera značajno opada sa povećanjem udaljenosti od mesta utovara nezavisno od zapremine tovara, odnosno vreme transportnog ciklusa raste sa povećanjem transportne distance, bez obzira na kategoriju puta. Pored toga, rezultati ovih istraživanja pokazuju da na učinke rada forvardera značajno utiču uslovi rada i ono se posebno odnosi na vreme utrošeno prilikom kretanja transportnog sredstva po sečini kao i na učešće zastoja, prilikom kretanja i utovara. Rezultati izvršenih istraživanja pokazuju da je prosečna brzina kojom se kretao forvarder po sečini, u nepovoljnim uslovima rada, u proseku za 9,5% manja. Pored toga, vreme manipulacije u povoljnim uslovima rada je manje za oko 47% u odnosu na vreme manipulacije u nepovoljnim uslovima rada, a učešće zastoja je oko 11% manje u odnosu na nepovoljne uslove rada. Ova istraživanja pokazuju da je formiranje optimalnog tovara veoma značajno za efikasan rad forvardera i da je njegova primena nezaobilazna kada se radi o teškim uslovima rada (mala nosivost terena, izrađene depresije i dr).

Presented in this article are the research results of the effects on jobs of log transport of softwood deciduous trees with a John Deere 1410D forwarder. Recording of the results was conducted in various working conditions. Based on the results of the research, an estimation of the impact of terrain characteristics and the operating method on the working effects of the forwarder is conducted. Besides that, analysis of the elements of the transportation cycle is conducted and their impact and the significance are quantified. Productivity of the forwarder significantly decreases with the increase of the distance of the loading place regardless of the volume of the load that is that, the time of the transportation cycle increases with the increase of the transport distance, regardless of the road category. Besides that, the results of these researches show that the working effects are significantly impacted by working conditions and it specifically relates to the time spent during the movement of the transport mean on the cutting site as well as on the share of the stoppages during transport and loading. Results of the conducted researches present that the average speed of the forwarder on the cutting site, in unfavorable conditions, is on average for 9,5% lower. Besides that, manipulating time in favorable conditions is 47% lower related to the time of manipulation in unfavorable conditions, and the share of stoppages are around 11%. These researches prove that the forming of the optimal load is very significant for the productivity of the forwarder and that its application is unquestionable when working in unfavorable conditions (small weight bearing capacity of soil, formed depressions etc.).