Taksonomska i fitogeografska analiza lekovitog bilja u okviru šumskog kompleksa hrasta lužnjaka na području Gornjeg Srema

Abstract

U ovom radu su prikazani rezultati analize lekovitog bilja na području Gornjeg Srema u okviru tri gazdinske jedinice: "Blata-Malovanci" (tip šume Carpino-Fraxino-Quercetum roboris caricetosum remotae), "Raškovica-Smogvica" (tip šume Fraxino-Quercetum roboris aceretosum) i "Vinična-Žeravinac Puk" (tip šume Carpino-Fraxino-Quercetum roboris caricetosum remotae). Determinisanje lekovitih taksona vršeno je tokom dva uzastopna vegetaciona perioda (2019-2020). Na osnovu sveukupne inventarizacije lekovite flore na istraživanom području, evidentirano je prisustvo 139 lekovitih vrsta iz ukupno 43 familije. Na osnovu taksonomske analize, utvrđeno je da dominira familija Fabaceae sa 16 predstavnika (11.51%), dok dvocifreni broj predstavnika takođe imaju sledeće familije: Rosaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae i Asteraceae. Fitogeografskim istraživanjima došlo se do zaključka da je najdominantniji evroazijski areal tip sa čak 62 reprezenata (44.60%), dok se među životnim formama prisustvom ističu hemikriptofite sa preko 50% zastupljenosti. Imajući u vidu modifikaciju ekoloških uslova pod uticajem neprestanih klimatskih promena, preporuka je da se monitoring stanja vaskularne flore obavlja u dužem vremenskom periodu (najmanje 5 uzastopnih vegetacionih sezona) kako bi se dobili pouzdaniji rezultati.

In the paper are shown results of the analysis of medicinal plants at the area of Gornji Srem within three management units: "Blata-Malovanci" (forest type Carpino-Fraxino-Quercetum roboris caricetosum remotae), "Raškovica-Smogvica" (forest type Fraxino-Quercetum roboris aceretosum) and "Vinična-Žeravinac Puk" (forest type Carpino-Fraxino-Quercetum roboris caricetosum remotae). Plants determination was conducted during two consecutive vegetation seasons (2019-2020). Based on total inventory of medicinal flora at the researched area, there was found presence of 139 medicinal plants that belong to 43 families. According to taxonomy analysis was established that the most dominant family is Fabaceae with 16 representatives (11.51%), while two-digit number of individuals also have following families: Rosaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae and Asteraceae. Due to phytogeography research was deduced that the most dominant areal type is Eurasian with even 62 representatives (44.60%), while among life forms the greatest presence have hemicryptophytes with over 50% of participation. Bearing in mind variation of ecological conditions under the influence of permanent climate changes, the recommendation is to conduct vascular flora monitoring during longer time (at least 5 consecutive vegetation seasons) in order to obtain more reliable results.