Fomes fomentarius (L.: Fr.) Fr. - bioekološke karakteristike, ekonomski značaj i mogućnost korišćenja u medicinske svrhe (lekovita svojstva)

Abstract

Parazitna gljiva Fomes fomentarius jedna je od najčešćih i najznačajnijih gljiva u lišćarskim šumama u Srbiji. Posebno je česta na stablima bukve gde se razvija kao parazit na dubećim, živim stablima, a nastavlja takođe, destrukciju i na oborenom drvetu i trupcima, ali samo dok su u šumi i ukoliko u njima ima dovoljno vlage. Karpofore su, takođe, veoma često prisutne i na panjevima. Osim na većem broju lišćarskih vrsta drveća, u toku ovih istraživanja zabeležena je i na jeli, što je prvi nalaz u Srbiji na ovom domaćinu. Fomes fomentarius prouzrokuje belu pegavu trulež. U ovom radu osim prikaza osnovnih bioekoloških karakteristika gljive, ukazano je i na neka njena lekovita svojstva i mogućnost primene u medicini.

The parasitic fungus Fomes fomentarius is one of the most common and significant fungi in deciduous forests in Serbia. It is especially common in beech trees where it develops as a parasite on stunted, living trees, and also continues destruction on fallen trees and logs, but only while in the forest and if there is sufficient moisture in them. Carpophores are also very common in stumps. In addition to a large number of deciduous tree species, it was also recorded on fir during these studies, which is the first finding in Serbia of this host. Fomes fomentarius causes white spot rot. In addition to presenting the basic bioecological characteristics of a fungus, this paper also highlights some of its medicinal properties and its potential for use in medicine.