Uporedna analiza sortimentne strukture klonova topole I-214 i Pannonia

Abstract

Topole zauzimaju oko 31,4 miliona ha u svetu, dok se u Srbiji prostiru na površini od 48.000 ha. Predmet ovog istraživanja su veštački podignuti zasadi topola, a koji sačinjavaju topola klon I-214 (Populus×euramericana (Dode) Guinier cl. I-214) i topola klon Pannonia (Populus×euramericana (Dode) Guinier cl. Pannonia). Terenski radovi za prikupljanje podataka potrebnih za ovo istraživanje su izvođeni u dve faze. Prvu fazu prikupljanja podataka činio je premer prečnika stabala, gde je izvršeno obrojčavanje, obeležavanje i evidentiranje redova topola kao i svakog stabla topole u redu. Druga faza prikupljanja podataka sprovedena je nakon seče stabala koja su odabrana za detaljno merenje elemenata potrebnih za teorijsko krojenje. Uvažavajući opšte principe krojenja, kao i principe maksimalnog finansijskog efekta, izvršena je kvalitativna podela debala u više varijanti. Klasiranje drvnih sortimenata je izvršeno na osnovu SRPS standarda za drvo. Učešće tehničkog drveta za furnir (F i L klasa) kod analiziranih stabala topole klon I-214 je ukupno 47,54% od ukupne zapremine sortimenata. Kada je u pitanju klon Pannonia, najveću ukupnu zapreminu imaju trupci za rezanje II klase kvaliteta, 44,08% od ukupne zapremine sortimenata. Između ukupne zapremine i vrednosti sortimenata dva analizirana klona topola ne postoji statistički značajna razlika, osim kada su u pitanju sortimenti za hemijsko iskorišćavanje gde statističke razlike postoje.

Poplars occupy about 31.4 million ha in the world, while in Serbia poplars spread over the area of 48.000 ha. The subject of this research are artificially raised poplar plantations, consisting of poplar clone I-214 (Populus×euramericana (Dode) Guinier cl. I-214) and poplar clone Pannonia (Populus×euramericana (Dode) Guinier cl. Pannonia). Field activities of collecting data required for this research were conducted in two phases. The first phase of data collection included measurement of tree diameter. Also, the numbering, marking and recording of poplar rows, as well as each poplar in the row, was conducted. The second phase of data collection was conducted after the felling of trees that were selected for detailed measurement of the elements required for theoretical cross cutting. In accordance with the general principles of cross cutting, as well as the principles of maximum financial effect, the qualitative partition of trunks into several variants was performed. The classification of wood assortments was performed on the basis of SRPS wood standards. The share of technical wood for veneer (F and L class) in the analyzed poplar trees clone I-214 is 47.54% of the total volume of wood assortments. When it comes to the clone Pannonia, logs for cutting (quality class II), have the greatest share in total volume of wood assortments with 44.08. There is no statistically significant difference between the total volume and the value of the assortments of the two analyzed poplar clones, except when it comes to assortments for chemical exploitation where statistical differences exist.