TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Veizović, Marko
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1436
AB  - This study aimed to compare two thermal modification (TM) schedules-with short and long heating phases-and their influence on the properties of maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) wood. Two TM runs were conducted in industrial conditions (open system, steam atmosphere; substantially longer method compared to the processes usually described in the literature), with the same peak phase (200 degrees C, 3 h), but with different heating rates-slow (1.1 degrees C/h) and fast (2.5 degrees C/h). The results revealed that both TMs significantly reduced hygroscopicity and swelling of wood, but the influence of slow heating rate-through prolonged exposure of wood to relatively high temperatures-on dimensional stability was more pronounced. The modulus of elasticity, compressive strength and Brinell hardness remained mostly unchanged after TM (except for fast-modified maple), while the modulus of rupture was strongly reduced by TM in both species. It is assumed-at least in the case of maple wood-that a combination of initial moisture content above 8% and fast heating rate during TM can cause more intensive degradation of wood polymers. Relatively small differences in colour between slow- and fast-modified wood were found. The results confirmed the hypothesis that the heating phase is an important part of the TM schedule, and it can directly affect (together with peak temperature and time) certain wood properties.
T2  - Forests
T1  - Heating Rate during Thermal Modification in Steam Atmosphere: Influence on the Properties of Maple and Ash Wood
IS  - 2
VL  - 14
DO  - 10.3390/f14020189
UR  - conv_1687
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milić, Goran and Todorović, Nebojša and Veizović, Marko and Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2023",
abstract = "This study aimed to compare two thermal modification (TM) schedules-with short and long heating phases-and their influence on the properties of maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) wood. Two TM runs were conducted in industrial conditions (open system, steam atmosphere; substantially longer method compared to the processes usually described in the literature), with the same peak phase (200 degrees C, 3 h), but with different heating rates-slow (1.1 degrees C/h) and fast (2.5 degrees C/h). The results revealed that both TMs significantly reduced hygroscopicity and swelling of wood, but the influence of slow heating rate-through prolonged exposure of wood to relatively high temperatures-on dimensional stability was more pronounced. The modulus of elasticity, compressive strength and Brinell hardness remained mostly unchanged after TM (except for fast-modified maple), while the modulus of rupture was strongly reduced by TM in both species. It is assumed-at least in the case of maple wood-that a combination of initial moisture content above 8% and fast heating rate during TM can cause more intensive degradation of wood polymers. Relatively small differences in colour between slow- and fast-modified wood were found. The results confirmed the hypothesis that the heating phase is an important part of the TM schedule, and it can directly affect (together with peak temperature and time) certain wood properties.",
journal = "Forests",
title = "Heating Rate during Thermal Modification in Steam Atmosphere: Influence on the Properties of Maple and Ash Wood",
number = "2",
volume = "14",
doi = "10.3390/f14020189",
url = "conv_1687"
}

Milić, G., Todorović, N., Veizović, M.,& Popadić, R.. (2023). Heating Rate during Thermal Modification in Steam Atmosphere: Influence on the Properties of Maple and Ash Wood. in Forests, 14(2).
https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020189
conv_1687

Milić G, Todorović N, Veizović M, Popadić R. Heating Rate during Thermal Modification in Steam Atmosphere: Influence on the Properties of Maple and Ash Wood. in Forests. 2023;14(2).
doi:10.3390/f14020189
conv_1687 .

Milić, Goran, Todorović, Nebojša, Veizović, Marko, Popadić, Ranko, "Heating Rate during Thermal Modification in Steam Atmosphere: Influence on the Properties of Maple and Ash Wood" in Forests, 14, no. 2 (2023),
https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020189 .,
conv_1687 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Popović, Zdravko
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Veizović, Marko
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1355
AB  - The prediction of physical (wood density, mass loss) and mechanical (bending properties, compressive strength parallel to grain, and Brinell hardness) properties of heat-treated sessile oak (Quercus petraea L.) by FT-NIR spectroscopy, colour change, and partial least squares regression (PLS) was studied. Samples of oak sapwood and heartwood were treated for 4 h at temperatures at 170, 190, and 210 degrees C. FT-NIR spectra (100 scans and 4 cm(-1)) and colour parameters (CIE L*a*b* system) were collected on the radial surface before and after heat treatment. The applied heat treatment changed wood properties, darkened the colour and reduced the colour difference between heartwood and sapwood. According to the residual prediction deviation (RPD), most models obtained could be used for preliminary wood quality screening (1.5  lt  RPD  lt  2.0) and the properties of heartwood were better predicted than those of sapwood. Mass loss prediction by colour change can be used for quality control while for the other properties FT-NIR provided a more clear picture of the heat-treated oak wood and can serve as a quality indicator.
T2  - Wood Material Science & Engineering
T1  - Quality evaluation of heat-treated sessile oak ( Quercus petraea L.) wood by colour and FT-NIR spectroscopy
EP  - 209
IS  - 3
SP  - 202
VL  - 17
DO  - 10.1080/17480272.2020.1847188
UR  - conv_1510
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Todorović, Nebojša and Popović, Zdravko and Milić, Goran and Veizović, Marko and Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The prediction of physical (wood density, mass loss) and mechanical (bending properties, compressive strength parallel to grain, and Brinell hardness) properties of heat-treated sessile oak (Quercus petraea L.) by FT-NIR spectroscopy, colour change, and partial least squares regression (PLS) was studied. Samples of oak sapwood and heartwood were treated for 4 h at temperatures at 170, 190, and 210 degrees C. FT-NIR spectra (100 scans and 4 cm(-1)) and colour parameters (CIE L*a*b* system) were collected on the radial surface before and after heat treatment. The applied heat treatment changed wood properties, darkened the colour and reduced the colour difference between heartwood and sapwood. According to the residual prediction deviation (RPD), most models obtained could be used for preliminary wood quality screening (1.5  lt  RPD  lt  2.0) and the properties of heartwood were better predicted than those of sapwood. Mass loss prediction by colour change can be used for quality control while for the other properties FT-NIR provided a more clear picture of the heat-treated oak wood and can serve as a quality indicator.",
journal = "Wood Material Science & Engineering",
title = "Quality evaluation of heat-treated sessile oak ( Quercus petraea L.) wood by colour and FT-NIR spectroscopy",
pages = "209-202",
number = "3",
volume = "17",
doi = "10.1080/17480272.2020.1847188",
url = "conv_1510"
}

Todorović, N., Popović, Z., Milić, G., Veizović, M.,& Popadić, R.. (2022). Quality evaluation of heat-treated sessile oak ( Quercus petraea L.) wood by colour and FT-NIR spectroscopy. in Wood Material Science & Engineering, 17(3), 202-209.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2020.1847188
conv_1510

Todorović N, Popović Z, Milić G, Veizović M, Popadić R. Quality evaluation of heat-treated sessile oak ( Quercus petraea L.) wood by colour and FT-NIR spectroscopy. in Wood Material Science & Engineering. 2022;17(3):202-209.
doi:10.1080/17480272.2020.1847188
conv_1510 .

Todorović, Nebojša, Popović, Zdravko, Milić, Goran, Veizović, Marko, Popadić, Ranko, "Quality evaluation of heat-treated sessile oak ( Quercus petraea L.) wood by colour and FT-NIR spectroscopy" in Wood Material Science & Engineering, 17, no. 3 (2022):202-209,
https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2020.1847188 .,
conv_1510 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Veizović, Marko
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1256
AB  - U radu je analizirana mogućnost sušenja hrastovih lamela - tankog sloja masivnog drveta u višeslojnom podu. Fokus prvog dela rada je na kondenzacionim sušarama koje su za sušenje hrastovih lamela alternativa konvencionalnim sušarama. Praćena su dva ciklusa sušenja u industrijskoj sušari i parametri sušenja poređeni sa arhivom ciklusa sušenja lamela u konvencionalnoj sušari. Istovremeno, sušenje lamela je sprovedeno u klima komori gde je primenjena viša početna temperatura. Pokazano je da se hrastove lamele debljine 5mm mogu uspešno sušiti u kondenzacionim sušarama, uz relativno kratko vreme sušenja i visok kvalitet. Sa primenjenim režimom (početna temperatura 36°C, konačna 46°C) očekivano je da ciklus sušenja traje od 2 do 5 dana, u zavisnosti od količine lamela i početne vlažnosti. Zbog velike brzine isparavanja vode i nemogućnosti sušare da je odstrane dovoljno brzo, sušenje lamela se i u kondenzacionim i u konvencionalnim sušarama odvija pri ravnotežnoj vlažnosti koja je viša od zadatih vrednosti.
AB  - The subject of this paper is to analyse the drying process of oak lamellas, which are the solid wood top layer of engineered wood flooring. The focus of the first part of the paper is on dehumidification kilns. Drying in a dehumidification kiln is an interesting alternative to conventional drying of thin solid oak wood with the aim of reaching high drying quality in a reasonable time. Drying tests were done in an industrial dehumidification kiln, and drying parameters were compared with the drying in the conventional kiln. Simultaneously, a drying test at a higher temperature was done in the programmable climate chamber. It was demonstrated that thin oak lamellas (approx. 5 mm thick) could be successfully dried in a dehumidification kiln in a relatively short time and with high drying quality. With the applied drying schedule (initial temperature of 36 °C, final temperature of 46 °C), the drying cycle will last 2 to 5 days, depending on the amount of wood and the initial MC. Due to the high rate of water evaporation and the inability of the kilns to remove it fast enough, the drying of lamellas in both dehumidification and conventional kilns takes place at a higher equilibrium moisture content than the set values.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Sušenje hrastovih lamela - deo 1. analiza procesa u kondenzacionoj sušari
T1  - Drying of oak wood lamellas: Part 1. Analysis of the process in a dehumidification kiln
EP  - 58
IS  - 124
SP  - 45
DO  - 10.2298/GSF2124045M
UR  - conv_520
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milić, Goran and Todorović, Nebojša and Veizović, Marko and Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2021",
abstract = "U radu je analizirana mogućnost sušenja hrastovih lamela - tankog sloja masivnog drveta u višeslojnom podu. Fokus prvog dela rada je na kondenzacionim sušarama koje su za sušenje hrastovih lamela alternativa konvencionalnim sušarama. Praćena su dva ciklusa sušenja u industrijskoj sušari i parametri sušenja poređeni sa arhivom ciklusa sušenja lamela u konvencionalnoj sušari. Istovremeno, sušenje lamela je sprovedeno u klima komori gde je primenjena viša početna temperatura. Pokazano je da se hrastove lamele debljine 5mm mogu uspešno sušiti u kondenzacionim sušarama, uz relativno kratko vreme sušenja i visok kvalitet. Sa primenjenim režimom (početna temperatura 36°C, konačna 46°C) očekivano je da ciklus sušenja traje od 2 do 5 dana, u zavisnosti od količine lamela i početne vlažnosti. Zbog velike brzine isparavanja vode i nemogućnosti sušare da je odstrane dovoljno brzo, sušenje lamela se i u kondenzacionim i u konvencionalnim sušarama odvija pri ravnotežnoj vlažnosti koja je viša od zadatih vrednosti., The subject of this paper is to analyse the drying process of oak lamellas, which are the solid wood top layer of engineered wood flooring. The focus of the first part of the paper is on dehumidification kilns. Drying in a dehumidification kiln is an interesting alternative to conventional drying of thin solid oak wood with the aim of reaching high drying quality in a reasonable time. Drying tests were done in an industrial dehumidification kiln, and drying parameters were compared with the drying in the conventional kiln. Simultaneously, a drying test at a higher temperature was done in the programmable climate chamber. It was demonstrated that thin oak lamellas (approx. 5 mm thick) could be successfully dried in a dehumidification kiln in a relatively short time and with high drying quality. With the applied drying schedule (initial temperature of 36 °C, final temperature of 46 °C), the drying cycle will last 2 to 5 days, depending on the amount of wood and the initial MC. Due to the high rate of water evaporation and the inability of the kilns to remove it fast enough, the drying of lamellas in both dehumidification and conventional kilns takes place at a higher equilibrium moisture content than the set values.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Sušenje hrastovih lamela - deo 1. analiza procesa u kondenzacionoj sušari, Drying of oak wood lamellas: Part 1. Analysis of the process in a dehumidification kiln",
pages = "58-45",
number = "124",
doi = "10.2298/GSF2124045M",
url = "conv_520"
}

Milić, G., Todorović, N., Veizović, M.,& Popadić, R.. (2021). Sušenje hrastovih lamela - deo 1. analiza procesa u kondenzacionoj sušari. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(124), 45-58.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF2124045M
conv_520

Milić G, Todorović N, Veizović M, Popadić R. Sušenje hrastovih lamela - deo 1. analiza procesa u kondenzacionoj sušari. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2021;(124):45-58.
doi:10.2298/GSF2124045M
conv_520 .

Milić, Goran, Todorović, Nebojša, Veizović, Marko, Popadić, Ranko, "Sušenje hrastovih lamela - deo 1. analiza procesa u kondenzacionoj sušari" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 124 (2021):45-58,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF2124045M .,
conv_520 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
AU  - Furtula, Mladen
AU  - Milić, Goran
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1066
AB  - The influence of log diameter and log quality were studied relative to the potential heat energy produced from wood residue. Research was conducted on beech sawmill logs (30 cm to 49 cm in diameter and 4 m in length) of different qualities. Logs with greater diameters and of better quality increased the amount of products and decreased the amount of residue. A decrease in the diameter and quality of beech logs increased the total energy capacity, ranging between 840 kWh/m(3) (highest quality logs, 40 cm to 49 cm in diameter) and 1,350 kWh/m(3) (lower quality logs, 30 cm to 34 cm in diameter). Drying the lumber produced from logs of small diameters used less than 10% of the potential heating energy. However, logs of 40 cm to 49 cm in diameter increased this usage to 33%. When burner losses and drying energy losses were calculated, there was approximately 430 kWh/m(3) to 960 kWh/m(3) of leftover energy. This could be used for various purposes or it could be sold. The amount of obtained energy was influenced more by log diameter than by the log quality.
T2  - BioResources
T1  - Influence of Diameter and Quality of Beech Logs on the Potential Energy of Sawmill Residues
EP  - 6340
IS  - 3
SP  - 6331
VL  - 14
DO  - 10.15376/biores.14.3.6331-6340
UR  - conv_1437
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popadić, Ranko and Furtula, Mladen and Milić, Goran",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The influence of log diameter and log quality were studied relative to the potential heat energy produced from wood residue. Research was conducted on beech sawmill logs (30 cm to 49 cm in diameter and 4 m in length) of different qualities. Logs with greater diameters and of better quality increased the amount of products and decreased the amount of residue. A decrease in the diameter and quality of beech logs increased the total energy capacity, ranging between 840 kWh/m(3) (highest quality logs, 40 cm to 49 cm in diameter) and 1,350 kWh/m(3) (lower quality logs, 30 cm to 34 cm in diameter). Drying the lumber produced from logs of small diameters used less than 10% of the potential heating energy. However, logs of 40 cm to 49 cm in diameter increased this usage to 33%. When burner losses and drying energy losses were calculated, there was approximately 430 kWh/m(3) to 960 kWh/m(3) of leftover energy. This could be used for various purposes or it could be sold. The amount of obtained energy was influenced more by log diameter than by the log quality.",
journal = "BioResources",
title = "Influence of Diameter and Quality of Beech Logs on the Potential Energy of Sawmill Residues",
pages = "6340-6331",
number = "3",
volume = "14",
doi = "10.15376/biores.14.3.6331-6340",
url = "conv_1437"
}

Popadić, R., Furtula, M.,& Milić, G.. (2019). Influence of Diameter and Quality of Beech Logs on the Potential Energy of Sawmill Residues. in BioResources, 14(3), 6331-6340.
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.3.6331-6340
conv_1437

Popadić R, Furtula M, Milić G. Influence of Diameter and Quality of Beech Logs on the Potential Energy of Sawmill Residues. in BioResources. 2019;14(3):6331-6340.
doi:10.15376/biores.14.3.6331-6340
conv_1437 .

Popadić, Ranko, Furtula, Mladen, Milić, Goran, "Influence of Diameter and Quality of Beech Logs on the Potential Energy of Sawmill Residues" in BioResources, 14, no. 3 (2019):6331-6340,
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.3.6331-6340 .,
conv_1437 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lovrić, Aleksandar
AU  - Zdravković, Vladislav
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
AU  - Milić, Goran
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/877
AB  - Possibilities for use of thermally modified poplar veneer were evaluated for the production of plywood boards in industrial conditions. Formats of poplar veneer were treated at temperatures of 190 degrees C, 200 degrees C, 210 degrees C, and 215 degrees C for 1 h. By combining the treated and non-treated formats of veneer, thirteen different types of board were made. Analyses showed that the examined physical and mechanical properties were influenced by both the type of construction and the applied thermal treatment. Boards composed only of thermally modified veneer achieved the best results regarding moisture absorption and dimensional stability, and boards composed of the combined veneers had better mechanical properties. Treatments at 200 degrees C and 210 degrees C proved to be optimal, while the treatment at 215 degrees C was too harsh and should not be used for the thermal modification of poplar veneer.
T2  - BioResources
T1  - Properties of Plywood Boards Composed of Thermally Modified and Non-modified Poplar Veneer
EP  - 8594
IS  - 4
SP  - 8581
VL  - 12
DO  - 10.15376/biores.12.4.8581-8594
UR  - conv_1321
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lovrić, Aleksandar and Zdravković, Vladislav and Popadić, Ranko and Milić, Goran",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Possibilities for use of thermally modified poplar veneer were evaluated for the production of plywood boards in industrial conditions. Formats of poplar veneer were treated at temperatures of 190 degrees C, 200 degrees C, 210 degrees C, and 215 degrees C for 1 h. By combining the treated and non-treated formats of veneer, thirteen different types of board were made. Analyses showed that the examined physical and mechanical properties were influenced by both the type of construction and the applied thermal treatment. Boards composed only of thermally modified veneer achieved the best results regarding moisture absorption and dimensional stability, and boards composed of the combined veneers had better mechanical properties. Treatments at 200 degrees C and 210 degrees C proved to be optimal, while the treatment at 215 degrees C was too harsh and should not be used for the thermal modification of poplar veneer.",
journal = "BioResources",
title = "Properties of Plywood Boards Composed of Thermally Modified and Non-modified Poplar Veneer",
pages = "8594-8581",
number = "4",
volume = "12",
doi = "10.15376/biores.12.4.8581-8594",
url = "conv_1321"
}

Lovrić, A., Zdravković, V., Popadić, R.,& Milić, G.. (2017). Properties of Plywood Boards Composed of Thermally Modified and Non-modified Poplar Veneer. in BioResources, 12(4), 8581-8594.
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.8581-8594
conv_1321

Lovrić A, Zdravković V, Popadić R, Milić G. Properties of Plywood Boards Composed of Thermally Modified and Non-modified Poplar Veneer. in BioResources. 2017;12(4):8581-8594.
doi:10.15376/biores.12.4.8581-8594
conv_1321 .

Lovrić, Aleksandar, Zdravković, Vladislav, Popadić, Ranko, Milić, Goran, "Properties of Plywood Boards Composed of Thermally Modified and Non-modified Poplar Veneer" in BioResources, 12, no. 4 (2017):8581-8594,
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.8581-8594 .,
conv_1321 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Popović, Zdravko
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/762
AB  - Cilj ovog rada je bio da se istraže parametri boje bukovog drveta pre i posle termičkog tretmana, kao i da se odredi da li postoji razlika u boji između beljike i lažne srčevine pre i posle primene visoke temperature. Uzorci su tretirani na temperaturama od 170°C, 190°C odnosno 210°C, u trajanju od 4 h. Koordinate boje (CIEL*a*b*sistem), su izmerene pre i posle tretmana pri čemu su određeni sledeći parametri: ΔL, Δa, Δb i ΔE - promena boje. Boja je izmerena na 4 mesta na radijalnoj i poprečnoj površini drveta i uzeta je njihova prosečna vrednost za dalje istraživanje. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da primenjen termički tretman beljike nije značajno uticao na promenu razlike u boji između poprečne i radijalne površine. Razlika između poprečne i radijalne površine, kod netretirane lažne srčevine, je manja od vrednosti izmerene kod beljike. Razlika u boji netretirane beljike i lažne srčevine je više izražena na radijalnoj nego na poprečnoj površini. Dejstvom visoke temperature dolazi do značajnog smanjenja ove razlike. Temperatura od 210°C je proizvela najmanju razliku u boji između ova dva dela drveta koja je u ovom istraživanju utvrđena na radijalnoj površini. Zaključak je da primenjen termički tretman dovodi do približno iste boje beljike i lažne srčevine, pogotovu na radijalnoj površini, i sa tog stanovišta se može zaključiti da su ova dva dela bukovog drveta u tom smislu potpuno izjednačena. Pri ovoj konstataciji ne treba izostaviti ni pretpostavku da se u slučaju izjednačenih svostava, beljika i lažna srčevina mogu jednako upotrebiti u gotovom proizvodu od termički tretiranog bukovog drveta.
AB  - The goal of this word was to examine the parameters of color of beech wood before and after thermal treatment, and to determine if there is a difference in color between sapwood and red heartwood before and after application of high temperature. Samples were treated at temperatures of 170°C, 190°C and 210°C, respectively, during 4 hours. Color coordinates (CIEL*a*b*system) were measured before and after treatment by using the following parameters: ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE - color change. Color was assessed at four spots on the radial and cross-section surfaces of wood and their mean values were taken for further calculations. Acquired results show that the applied heat treatment of sapwood did not significantly influence the change of color difference between cross-section and radial surfaces. The difference between cross-section and radial surfaces, in nontreated red heartwood was smaller than that measured in sapwood. The color difference of nontreated sapwood and red heartwood was more pronounced on the radial than on the cross-section surface. Application of high temperature caused a significant decrease of this difference. Temperature of 210°C caused the smallest color difference between these two parts of wood which was in this research determined on the radial surface. It was concluded that the applied thermal treatment almost equalized the colors of sapwood and red heartwood, especially on the radial surface, and from this aspect it can be concluded that these two parts of beech wood were completely equalized. It should also be noted that in the case of equalized properties, sapwood and red heartwood can be equally applied in a final product made of thermally treated beech wood.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Uticaj termičkog tretmana na promenu boje bukovog drveta sa lažnom srčevinom
T1  - Influence of thermal treatment on color change of beech wood with red heartwood
EP  - 256
IS  - 114
SP  - 239
DO  - 10.2298/GSF1614239T
UR  - conv_450
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Todorović, Nebojša and Popović, Zdravko and Milić, Goran and Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Cilj ovog rada je bio da se istraže parametri boje bukovog drveta pre i posle termičkog tretmana, kao i da se odredi da li postoji razlika u boji između beljike i lažne srčevine pre i posle primene visoke temperature. Uzorci su tretirani na temperaturama od 170°C, 190°C odnosno 210°C, u trajanju od 4 h. Koordinate boje (CIEL*a*b*sistem), su izmerene pre i posle tretmana pri čemu su određeni sledeći parametri: ΔL, Δa, Δb i ΔE - promena boje. Boja je izmerena na 4 mesta na radijalnoj i poprečnoj površini drveta i uzeta je njihova prosečna vrednost za dalje istraživanje. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da primenjen termički tretman beljike nije značajno uticao na promenu razlike u boji između poprečne i radijalne površine. Razlika između poprečne i radijalne površine, kod netretirane lažne srčevine, je manja od vrednosti izmerene kod beljike. Razlika u boji netretirane beljike i lažne srčevine je više izražena na radijalnoj nego na poprečnoj površini. Dejstvom visoke temperature dolazi do značajnog smanjenja ove razlike. Temperatura od 210°C je proizvela najmanju razliku u boji između ova dva dela drveta koja je u ovom istraživanju utvrđena na radijalnoj površini. Zaključak je da primenjen termički tretman dovodi do približno iste boje beljike i lažne srčevine, pogotovu na radijalnoj površini, i sa tog stanovišta se može zaključiti da su ova dva dela bukovog drveta u tom smislu potpuno izjednačena. Pri ovoj konstataciji ne treba izostaviti ni pretpostavku da se u slučaju izjednačenih svostava, beljika i lažna srčevina mogu jednako upotrebiti u gotovom proizvodu od termički tretiranog bukovog drveta., The goal of this word was to examine the parameters of color of beech wood before and after thermal treatment, and to determine if there is a difference in color between sapwood and red heartwood before and after application of high temperature. Samples were treated at temperatures of 170°C, 190°C and 210°C, respectively, during 4 hours. Color coordinates (CIEL*a*b*system) were measured before and after treatment by using the following parameters: ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE - color change. Color was assessed at four spots on the radial and cross-section surfaces of wood and their mean values were taken for further calculations. Acquired results show that the applied heat treatment of sapwood did not significantly influence the change of color difference between cross-section and radial surfaces. The difference between cross-section and radial surfaces, in nontreated red heartwood was smaller than that measured in sapwood. The color difference of nontreated sapwood and red heartwood was more pronounced on the radial than on the cross-section surface. Application of high temperature caused a significant decrease of this difference. Temperature of 210°C caused the smallest color difference between these two parts of wood which was in this research determined on the radial surface. It was concluded that the applied thermal treatment almost equalized the colors of sapwood and red heartwood, especially on the radial surface, and from this aspect it can be concluded that these two parts of beech wood were completely equalized. It should also be noted that in the case of equalized properties, sapwood and red heartwood can be equally applied in a final product made of thermally treated beech wood.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Uticaj termičkog tretmana na promenu boje bukovog drveta sa lažnom srčevinom, Influence of thermal treatment on color change of beech wood with red heartwood",
pages = "256-239",
number = "114",
doi = "10.2298/GSF1614239T",
url = "conv_450"
}

Todorović, N., Popović, Z., Milić, G.,& Popadić, R.. (2016). Uticaj termičkog tretmana na promenu boje bukovog drveta sa lažnom srčevinom. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(114), 239-256.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1614239T
conv_450

Todorović N, Popović Z, Milić G, Popadić R. Uticaj termičkog tretmana na promenu boje bukovog drveta sa lažnom srčevinom. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2016;(114):239-256.
doi:10.2298/GSF1614239T
conv_450 .

Todorović, Nebojša, Popović, Zdravko, Milić, Goran, Popadić, Ranko, "Uticaj termičkog tretmana na promenu boje bukovog drveta sa lažnom srčevinom" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 114 (2016):239-256,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1614239T .,
conv_450 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/670
AB  - U radu su prikazani rezultati analize uticaja tzv. blagog parenja na konvencionalno sušenje i boju tako osušene rezane građe bukve. Osušena je šarža koja se sastojala od parenih i neparenih dasaka. Praćeni su vlažnost i profili vlažnosti tokom sušenja, a na kraju sušenja su određivani konačna vlažnost, razlika vlažnosti po debljini građe, skorelost i boja. Statistički značajna razlika između parene i neparene građe nije utvrđena ni kod jednog ispitivanog parametra. Rezultati pokazuju da se može očekivati isti (ili čak bolji) kvalitet sušenja parene bukove građe u odnosu na neparenu sušenu istim režimom. Osušena parena rezana građa je imala tamniju boju sa većim učešćem crvene u odnosu na neparenu građu. Utvrđena je nepreciznost merenja vlažnosti parenog i neparenog drveta bukve u sušari u području vlažnosti 7-15% i data preporuka za prevazilaženje ovog problema.
AB  - This paper presents the results of an analysis of influence of the 'light' steaming process on conventional drying and colour of beech timber. A stack consisting of steamed and unsteamed boards was dried. Moisture content and moisture content profiles were recorded, and at the end of drying final moisture content, moisture content difference across thickness, case-hardening and colour were determinated. No statistically significant difference between steamed and unsteamed timber was established in any of the examined parameters (MC, ΔMC, gap). The results indicate that equal (or even) better drying quality can be expected with steamed beech timber than with unsteamed timber, given the same drying schedule. Dry steamed timber was darker and more reddish than the unsteamed one. An imprecision of measurement by probes in the kiln was noticed in measuring steamed and unsteamed beech timber having a moisture content of between 7% and 15%, and a solution for overcoming this problem was given.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Uticaj parenja na kvalitet sušenja i boju rezane građe bukve
T1  - Influence of steaming on drying quality and colour of beech timber
EP  - 95
IS  - 112
SP  - 83
DO  - 10.2298/GSF1512083M
UR  - conv_431
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milić, Goran and Todorović, Nebojša and Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2015",
abstract = "U radu su prikazani rezultati analize uticaja tzv. blagog parenja na konvencionalno sušenje i boju tako osušene rezane građe bukve. Osušena je šarža koja se sastojala od parenih i neparenih dasaka. Praćeni su vlažnost i profili vlažnosti tokom sušenja, a na kraju sušenja su određivani konačna vlažnost, razlika vlažnosti po debljini građe, skorelost i boja. Statistički značajna razlika između parene i neparene građe nije utvrđena ni kod jednog ispitivanog parametra. Rezultati pokazuju da se može očekivati isti (ili čak bolji) kvalitet sušenja parene bukove građe u odnosu na neparenu sušenu istim režimom. Osušena parena rezana građa je imala tamniju boju sa većim učešćem crvene u odnosu na neparenu građu. Utvrđena je nepreciznost merenja vlažnosti parenog i neparenog drveta bukve u sušari u području vlažnosti 7-15% i data preporuka za prevazilaženje ovog problema., This paper presents the results of an analysis of influence of the 'light' steaming process on conventional drying and colour of beech timber. A stack consisting of steamed and unsteamed boards was dried. Moisture content and moisture content profiles were recorded, and at the end of drying final moisture content, moisture content difference across thickness, case-hardening and colour were determinated. No statistically significant difference between steamed and unsteamed timber was established in any of the examined parameters (MC, ΔMC, gap). The results indicate that equal (or even) better drying quality can be expected with steamed beech timber than with unsteamed timber, given the same drying schedule. Dry steamed timber was darker and more reddish than the unsteamed one. An imprecision of measurement by probes in the kiln was noticed in measuring steamed and unsteamed beech timber having a moisture content of between 7% and 15%, and a solution for overcoming this problem was given.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Uticaj parenja na kvalitet sušenja i boju rezane građe bukve, Influence of steaming on drying quality and colour of beech timber",
pages = "95-83",
number = "112",
doi = "10.2298/GSF1512083M",
url = "conv_431"
}

Milić, G., Todorović, N.,& Popadić, R.. (2015). Uticaj parenja na kvalitet sušenja i boju rezane građe bukve. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(112), 83-95.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1512083M
conv_431

Milić G, Todorović N, Popadić R. Uticaj parenja na kvalitet sušenja i boju rezane građe bukve. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2015;(112):83-95.
doi:10.2298/GSF1512083M
conv_431 .

Milić, Goran, Todorović, Nebojša, Popadić, Ranko, "Uticaj parenja na kvalitet sušenja i boju rezane građe bukve" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 112 (2015):83-95,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1512083M .,
conv_431 .

TY  - THES
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/12234
UR  - http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=7371
UR  - https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:21666/bdef:Content/download
UR  - http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=513293468
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/14
AB  - Tehnološki proces pilanske prerade bukve je složen, troškovi su često veći, a iskorišćenje slabije u odnosu na druge vrste drveta. Razlog za to je što su bukovi trupci nepravilne forme i sadrže različite greške građe drveta. Jedna od karakterističnih grešaka je lažno srce, jer sortimenti izrađeni od takvog drveta imaju nižu vrednost i ograničenu primenu u finalnim proizvodima.  Predmet istraživanja je uticaj prečnika bukovih trupaca, njihovog kvaliteta i ciljanog kvaliteta rezane građe na iskorišćenje i sortimentnu strukturu u sirovom tehnološkom postupku pilanskih prerade. Istraživanje je obavljeno na 90 trupaca koji su podeljeni na tri kvalitetne klase (prema standardu JUS D.B4.028) i tri debljinske grupe. Debljinske grupe su bile: 30-34 cm (debljinski podrazred IIIa), 35-39 cm (debljinski podrazred IIIb) i 40-49 cm (IV debljinski razred). Dužina trupaca bila je 4 m.  Izrađivana je okrajčena i neokrajčena rezana građa, srčanica i sitni sortimenti (četvrtače, frize i metlarka). Svi navedeni glavni sortimenti, kao i sporedni (otpaci) su premereni i ustanovljeno je njihovo učešće u odnosu na trupac. Na osnovu dobijenih podataka, prikazani su kvantitativno iskorišćenje sirovine, sortimentna struktura, vrednosni pokazatelji i dobit.  Prilikom prerade oblovine je variran i ciljani kvalitet okrajčene rezane građe. Iz trupaca III debljinskog razreda je izrađivana okrajčena građa za egipatsko, a iz trupaca IV razreda za italijansko tržište. Svi ostali sortimenti su izrađivani prema kriterijumima domaćeg tržišta...
AB  - The processing of beech round-wood is very complex and challenging, usually considering higher costs and lower yields in comparison to the processing of other wood species. The beech logs have irregular shape and comprise of different forms of faults in wood structure. One of the characteristic faults in beech wood is the appearance of false heartwood, downgrading the value of the sawmill products with such features and limiting their application.  The goal of this dissertation was to evaluate the influence of diameter of beech logs, its quality and the aimed quality of sawn timber, on the yield and the structure of the end products in a sawmill technological process. The object of the research included 90 logs, divided in tree quality classes according to the standard JUS D.B4.028. In addition, tree thickness classes were chosen: 30-34 cm (thickness subclass IIIa), 35-39 cm (thickness subclass IIIb) and 40-49 cm (thickness subclass IV).  Both edged and non-edged sawn timber were produced, together with red heart boards and small dimension elements. Those main products, as well as by-products (waste), were measured and their ratio in the log was determined. The data were used to calculate the quantitative yield of the raw material, products structure, quality characteristics and the end products value.  The target quality of edged sawn timber was varied during the processing of round-wood. The sawn timber corresponding to the Egyptian market criteria was obtained from the class III logs, while for the Italian market criteria it was obtained from the class IV logs. All other sawn products were produced according to the criteria of Serbian market...
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet
T1  - Istraživanje uticaja prečnika i kvaliteta bukove oblovine na količinu glavnih i sporednih proizvoda u pilanskoj preradi drveta
T1  - The influence of the beech log diameter and quality on the sawmill production yield
: doctoral dissertation
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_12234
UR  - t-5104
ER  - 

@phdthesis{
author = "Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Tehnološki proces pilanske prerade bukve je složen, troškovi su često veći, a iskorišćenje slabije u odnosu na druge vrste drveta. Razlog za to je što su bukovi trupci nepravilne forme i sadrže različite greške građe drveta. Jedna od karakterističnih grešaka je lažno srce, jer sortimenti izrađeni od takvog drveta imaju nižu vrednost i ograničenu primenu u finalnim proizvodima.  Predmet istraživanja je uticaj prečnika bukovih trupaca, njihovog kvaliteta i ciljanog kvaliteta rezane građe na iskorišćenje i sortimentnu strukturu u sirovom tehnološkom postupku pilanskih prerade. Istraživanje je obavljeno na 90 trupaca koji su podeljeni na tri kvalitetne klase (prema standardu JUS D.B4.028) i tri debljinske grupe. Debljinske grupe su bile: 30-34 cm (debljinski podrazred IIIa), 35-39 cm (debljinski podrazred IIIb) i 40-49 cm (IV debljinski razred). Dužina trupaca bila je 4 m.  Izrađivana je okrajčena i neokrajčena rezana građa, srčanica i sitni sortimenti (četvrtače, frize i metlarka). Svi navedeni glavni sortimenti, kao i sporedni (otpaci) su premereni i ustanovljeno je njihovo učešće u odnosu na trupac. Na osnovu dobijenih podataka, prikazani su kvantitativno iskorišćenje sirovine, sortimentna struktura, vrednosni pokazatelji i dobit.  Prilikom prerade oblovine je variran i ciljani kvalitet okrajčene rezane građe. Iz trupaca III debljinskog razreda je izrađivana okrajčena građa za egipatsko, a iz trupaca IV razreda za italijansko tržište. Svi ostali sortimenti su izrađivani prema kriterijumima domaćeg tržišta..., The processing of beech round-wood is very complex and challenging, usually considering higher costs and lower yields in comparison to the processing of other wood species. The beech logs have irregular shape and comprise of different forms of faults in wood structure. One of the characteristic faults in beech wood is the appearance of false heartwood, downgrading the value of the sawmill products with such features and limiting their application.  The goal of this dissertation was to evaluate the influence of diameter of beech logs, its quality and the aimed quality of sawn timber, on the yield and the structure of the end products in a sawmill technological process. The object of the research included 90 logs, divided in tree quality classes according to the standard JUS D.B4.028. In addition, tree thickness classes were chosen: 30-34 cm (thickness subclass IIIa), 35-39 cm (thickness subclass IIIb) and 40-49 cm (thickness subclass IV).  Both edged and non-edged sawn timber were produced, together with red heart boards and small dimension elements. Those main products, as well as by-products (waste), were measured and their ratio in the log was determined. The data were used to calculate the quantitative yield of the raw material, products structure, quality characteristics and the end products value.  The target quality of edged sawn timber was varied during the processing of round-wood. The sawn timber corresponding to the Egyptian market criteria was obtained from the class III logs, while for the Italian market criteria it was obtained from the class IV logs. All other sawn products were produced according to the criteria of Serbian market...",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet",
title = "Istraživanje uticaja prečnika i kvaliteta bukove oblovine na količinu glavnih i sporednih proizvoda u pilanskoj preradi drveta, The influence of the beech log diameter and quality on the sawmill production yield
: doctoral dissertation",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_12234, t-5104"
}

Popadić, R.. (2014). Istraživanje uticaja prečnika i kvaliteta bukove oblovine na količinu glavnih i sporednih proizvoda u pilanskoj preradi drveta. 
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_12234

Popadić R. Istraživanje uticaja prečnika i kvaliteta bukove oblovine na količinu glavnih i sporednih proizvoda u pilanskoj preradi drveta. 2014;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_12234 .

Popadić, Ranko, "Istraživanje uticaja prečnika i kvaliteta bukove oblovine na količinu glavnih i sporednih proizvoda u pilanskoj preradi drveta" (2014),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_12234 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
AU  - Šoškić, Borislav
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Furtula, Mladen
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/583
AB  - The paper presents the research of differences in quantitative and value yields, and structure of sawn timber and residues, whose appearance is caused by different methods of sawing beech logs with red heartwood. In order to achieve the goal, 45 logs were divided into three even groups and sawn into commercial timber using three methods: round, cant and live sawing. Similar quantitative yields were found for round sawing and cant sawing (60.63 % and 60.52 %, respectively), while a lower result of 56.79 % was observed for live sawing. Less timber ( edged and red heartwood boards) and smaller products were found in live sawing than in other two methods, meaning that live sawing resulted in a lower value yield.
T2  - Drvna industrija
T1  - Influence of the Sawing Method on Yield of Beech Logs with Red Heartwood
EP  - 42
IS  - 1
SP  - 35
VL  - 65
DO  - 10.5552/drind.2014.1312
UR  - conv_1113
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popadić, Ranko and Šoškić, Borislav and Milić, Goran and Todorović, Nebojša and Furtula, Mladen",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The paper presents the research of differences in quantitative and value yields, and structure of sawn timber and residues, whose appearance is caused by different methods of sawing beech logs with red heartwood. In order to achieve the goal, 45 logs were divided into three even groups and sawn into commercial timber using three methods: round, cant and live sawing. Similar quantitative yields were found for round sawing and cant sawing (60.63 % and 60.52 %, respectively), while a lower result of 56.79 % was observed for live sawing. Less timber ( edged and red heartwood boards) and smaller products were found in live sawing than in other two methods, meaning that live sawing resulted in a lower value yield.",
journal = "Drvna industrija",
title = "Influence of the Sawing Method on Yield of Beech Logs with Red Heartwood",
pages = "42-35",
number = "1",
volume = "65",
doi = "10.5552/drind.2014.1312",
url = "conv_1113"
}

Popadić, R., Šoškić, B., Milić, G., Todorović, N.,& Furtula, M.. (2014). Influence of the Sawing Method on Yield of Beech Logs with Red Heartwood. in Drvna industrija, 65(1), 35-42.
https://doi.org/10.5552/drind.2014.1312
conv_1113

Popadić R, Šoškić B, Milić G, Todorović N, Furtula M. Influence of the Sawing Method on Yield of Beech Logs with Red Heartwood. in Drvna industrija. 2014;65(1):35-42.
doi:10.5552/drind.2014.1312
conv_1113 .

Popadić, Ranko, Šoškić, Borislav, Milić, Goran, Todorović, Nebojša, Furtula, Mladen, "Influence of the Sawing Method on Yield of Beech Logs with Red Heartwood" in Drvna industrija, 65, no. 1 (2014):35-42,
https://doi.org/10.5552/drind.2014.1312 .,
conv_1113 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Kolin, Branko
AU  - Lovrić, Aleksandar
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/554
AB  - The influence of oscillating climate conditions during the conventional drying of beech timber on drying time and drying quality has been analyzed. Three conventional drying cycles were carried out as well as nine cycles, in which the oscillations of equilibrium moisture content (EMC), temperature, and their combination were applied. The combinations of two amplitudes (10% or 20%) and two frequencies (3 or 6 h) were used in different test runs. Higher drying quality regarding casehardening was achieved both in runs with oscillations of EMC (gap values 2.2-2.4 mm) and in runs with temperature oscillations (gap values 2.3-2.4 mm) compared with conventional runs (gap values 2.5-2.9 mm). The oscillations of both temperature and EMC did not improve any of the observed parameters.
T2  - Holzforschung
T1  - Drying of beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) timber in oscillation climates: drying time and quality
EP  - 813
IS  - 7
SP  - 805
VL  - 67
DO  - 10.1515/hf-2012-0203
UR  - conv_1103
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milić, Goran and Kolin, Branko and Lovrić, Aleksandar and Todorović, Nebojša and Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The influence of oscillating climate conditions during the conventional drying of beech timber on drying time and drying quality has been analyzed. Three conventional drying cycles were carried out as well as nine cycles, in which the oscillations of equilibrium moisture content (EMC), temperature, and their combination were applied. The combinations of two amplitudes (10% or 20%) and two frequencies (3 or 6 h) were used in different test runs. Higher drying quality regarding casehardening was achieved both in runs with oscillations of EMC (gap values 2.2-2.4 mm) and in runs with temperature oscillations (gap values 2.3-2.4 mm) compared with conventional runs (gap values 2.5-2.9 mm). The oscillations of both temperature and EMC did not improve any of the observed parameters.",
journal = "Holzforschung",
title = "Drying of beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) timber in oscillation climates: drying time and quality",
pages = "813-805",
number = "7",
volume = "67",
doi = "10.1515/hf-2012-0203",
url = "conv_1103"
}

Milić, G., Kolin, B., Lovrić, A., Todorović, N.,& Popadić, R.. (2013). Drying of beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) timber in oscillation climates: drying time and quality. in Holzforschung, 67(7), 805-813.
https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2012-0203
conv_1103

Milić G, Kolin B, Lovrić A, Todorović N, Popadić R. Drying of beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) timber in oscillation climates: drying time and quality. in Holzforschung. 2013;67(7):805-813.
doi:10.1515/hf-2012-0203
conv_1103 .

Milić, Goran, Kolin, Branko, Lovrić, Aleksandar, Todorović, Nebojša, Popadić, Ranko, "Drying of beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) timber in oscillation climates: drying time and quality" in Holzforschung, 67, no. 7 (2013):805-813,
https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2012-0203 .,
conv_1103 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Popović, Zdravko
AU  - Milić, Goran
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/474
AB  - Changes in color (CIE L*a*b*) and properties (density, mass loss, density loss, and bending properties) of heat-treated beechwood were researched, as well as the possibilities of predicting these properties based on color. Considering the different market values of sapwood and red heartwood, the aim of this study was to establish whether these parts of beechwood differ after a heat treatment. Samples were exposed to temperatures of 170 degrees C, 190 degrees C, and 210 degrees C, respectively, for 4 hours. In order to predict the properties, a linear regression with color change (Delta E) and Delta L predictors was used, as well as the partial least squares (PLS) regression with 12 color variables. It has been shown that heat treatment reduces the properties of sapwood and red heartwood in the same manner, and equalizes the colors. The PLS-R showed the best results of prediction and presented the very high coefficients of determination for the mass loss, density loss, and modulus of rupture (MOR) in both sapwood and red heartwood. The equalized colors of heat- treated red heartwood and sapwood can significantly increase the use of products made out of red heartwood. Color can be an important indicator of the quality of such beechwood.
PB  - North Carolina State University
T2  - BioResources
T1  - Estimation of heat-treated beechwood properties by color change
EP  - 815
IS  - 1
SP  - 799
VL  - 7
DO  - 10.15376/biores.7.1.799-815
UR  - conv_2185
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Todorović, Nebojša and Popović, Zdravko and Milić, Goran and Popadić, Ranko",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Changes in color (CIE L*a*b*) and properties (density, mass loss, density loss, and bending properties) of heat-treated beechwood were researched, as well as the possibilities of predicting these properties based on color. Considering the different market values of sapwood and red heartwood, the aim of this study was to establish whether these parts of beechwood differ after a heat treatment. Samples were exposed to temperatures of 170 degrees C, 190 degrees C, and 210 degrees C, respectively, for 4 hours. In order to predict the properties, a linear regression with color change (Delta E) and Delta L predictors was used, as well as the partial least squares (PLS) regression with 12 color variables. It has been shown that heat treatment reduces the properties of sapwood and red heartwood in the same manner, and equalizes the colors. The PLS-R showed the best results of prediction and presented the very high coefficients of determination for the mass loss, density loss, and modulus of rupture (MOR) in both sapwood and red heartwood. The equalized colors of heat- treated red heartwood and sapwood can significantly increase the use of products made out of red heartwood. Color can be an important indicator of the quality of such beechwood.",
publisher = "North Carolina State University",
journal = "BioResources",
title = "Estimation of heat-treated beechwood properties by color change",
pages = "815-799",
number = "1",
volume = "7",
doi = "10.15376/biores.7.1.799-815",
url = "conv_2185"
}

Todorović, N., Popović, Z., Milić, G.,& Popadić, R.. (2012). Estimation of heat-treated beechwood properties by color change. in BioResources
North Carolina State University., 7(1), 799-815.
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.1.799-815
conv_2185

Todorović N, Popović Z, Milić G, Popadić R. Estimation of heat-treated beechwood properties by color change. in BioResources. 2012;7(1):799-815.
doi:10.15376/biores.7.1.799-815
conv_2185 .

Todorović, Nebojša, Popović, Zdravko, Milić, Goran, Popadić, Ranko, "Estimation of heat-treated beechwood properties by color change" in BioResources, 7, no. 1 (2012):799-815,
https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.1.799-815 .,
conv_2185 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mandić, Marija
AU  - Todorović, Nebojša
AU  - Popadić, Ranko
AU  - Danon, Gradimir
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/384
AB  - U radu su prikazani rezultati uticaja termičke modifikacije na snagu rezanja potrebnu za glodanje drveta. Eksperiment je izveden za različite temperature tretmana (170°C, 190°C i 210°C) i različite tehnološke parametre obrade (pomak i dubina glodanja). Snage rezanja tokom glodanja merene su na četiri grupe uzoraka bukovog drveta dimenzija 35×16×400 mm, posebno za srčevinu i beljiku. Za obrađene uzorke testirana su mehanička i fizička svojstva drveta: savojna čvrstoća, modul elastičnosti pri savijanju, poprečna i bočna tvrdoća i gustina u prosušenom stanju vlažnosti. U ispitivanju je korišćen merni uređaj za merenje, praćenje i prikazivanje snage rezanja, razvijen u Centru za mašine i uređaje na Šumarskom fakultetu u Beogradu. Rezultati ukazuju na postojanje razlika u snagama potrebnim za obradu termički obrađenog drveta u odnosu na netretirano drvo. Utvrđeno je da sa povećanjem temperature tretmana potrebne snage rezanja opadaju.
AB  - The paper presents results of influence of thermal modification on cutting power required for milling wood processing. The experiment was conducted for the different treatment temperatures (170°C, 190°C and 210°C) and different technological parameters of processing (feed and cutting depth). Cutting powers during milling were measured on four groups of beech wood samples, dimensions 35×16×400 mm, separately for heartwood and sapwood. The following mechanical and physical properties of the processed samples were tested: bending properties (modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity), cross-sectional and tangential hardness, and air-dry density. The measuring device used for measuring, monitoring and displaying cutting power was developed at the Wood Machining Centre at the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade. The results point out the differences in the powers required for processing heat-treated wood compared to untreated wood. The analysis shows that with the increase in treatment temperature, the required cutting powers decrease.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Uticaj svojstava drveta i tehnoloških parametara obrade na snagu rezanja pri obradi termički modifikovanog bukovog drveta glodanjem
T1  - Influence of wood properties and technological parameters of processing on cutting power in milling of thermally modified beechwood
EP  - 124
IS  - 104
SP  - 109
DO  - 10.2298/GSF1104109M
UR  - conv_350
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mandić, Marija and Todorović, Nebojša and Popadić, Ranko and Danon, Gradimir",
year = "2011",
abstract = "U radu su prikazani rezultati uticaja termičke modifikacije na snagu rezanja potrebnu za glodanje drveta. Eksperiment je izveden za različite temperature tretmana (170°C, 190°C i 210°C) i različite tehnološke parametre obrade (pomak i dubina glodanja). Snage rezanja tokom glodanja merene su na četiri grupe uzoraka bukovog drveta dimenzija 35×16×400 mm, posebno za srčevinu i beljiku. Za obrađene uzorke testirana su mehanička i fizička svojstva drveta: savojna čvrstoća, modul elastičnosti pri savijanju, poprečna i bočna tvrdoća i gustina u prosušenom stanju vlažnosti. U ispitivanju je korišćen merni uređaj za merenje, praćenje i prikazivanje snage rezanja, razvijen u Centru za mašine i uređaje na Šumarskom fakultetu u Beogradu. Rezultati ukazuju na postojanje razlika u snagama potrebnim za obradu termički obrađenog drveta u odnosu na netretirano drvo. Utvrđeno je da sa povećanjem temperature tretmana potrebne snage rezanja opadaju., The paper presents results of influence of thermal modification on cutting power required for milling wood processing. The experiment was conducted for the different treatment temperatures (170°C, 190°C and 210°C) and different technological parameters of processing (feed and cutting depth). Cutting powers during milling were measured on four groups of beech wood samples, dimensions 35×16×400 mm, separately for heartwood and sapwood. The following mechanical and physical properties of the processed samples were tested: bending properties (modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity), cross-sectional and tangential hardness, and air-dry density. The measuring device used for measuring, monitoring and displaying cutting power was developed at the Wood Machining Centre at the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade. The results point out the differences in the powers required for processing heat-treated wood compared to untreated wood. The analysis shows that with the increase in treatment temperature, the required cutting powers decrease.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Uticaj svojstava drveta i tehnoloških parametara obrade na snagu rezanja pri obradi termički modifikovanog bukovog drveta glodanjem, Influence of wood properties and technological parameters of processing on cutting power in milling of thermally modified beechwood",
pages = "124-109",
number = "104",
doi = "10.2298/GSF1104109M",
url = "conv_350"
}

Mandić, M., Todorović, N., Popadić, R.,& Danon, G.. (2011). Uticaj svojstava drveta i tehnoloških parametara obrade na snagu rezanja pri obradi termički modifikovanog bukovog drveta glodanjem. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(104), 109-124.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1104109M
conv_350

Mandić M, Todorović N, Popadić R, Danon G. Uticaj svojstava drveta i tehnoloških parametara obrade na snagu rezanja pri obradi termički modifikovanog bukovog drveta glodanjem. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2011;(104):109-124.
doi:10.2298/GSF1104109M
conv_350 .

Mandić, Marija, Todorović, Nebojša, Popadić, Ranko, Danon, Gradimir, "Uticaj svojstava drveta i tehnoloških parametara obrade na snagu rezanja pri obradi termički modifikovanog bukovog drveta glodanjem" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 104 (2011):109-124,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1104109M .,
conv_350 .