Grgur, B.

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The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia

Đorđević, D.; Tadić, J.M.; Grgur, B.; Ristić, Ratko; Sakan, S.; Brezjanović, J.; Stevanović, V.; Šolaja, B.

(Nature Research, 2024)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Đorđević, D.
AU  - Tadić, J.M.
AU  - Grgur, B.
AU  - Ristić, Ratko
AU  - Sakan, S.
AU  - Brezjanović, J.
AU  - Stevanović, V.
AU  - Šolaja, B.
PY  - 2024
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1454
AB  - The proposed exploitation of the Jadar Valley lithium/borate deposit in Serbia, by the Rio Tinto Corporation, indicates that it would become large-scale processing of boron- and lithium-containing ore. It would be one of the world’s very first lithium mines in populated and agricultural area. The company claims that the envisioned mining will be in accordance with environmental protection requirements. The Jadar Valley deposits have been claimed to cover 90% of Europe’s current lithium needs. Yet, local opposition to the mining has arisen due to potential devastating impacts on groundwater, soil, water usage, biodiversity loss, and waste accumulation. Research drilling by the mining company has already produced environmental damage, with mine water containing high levels of boron leaking from exploratory wells and causing crops to dry out. Furthermore, our investigations reveal substantially elevated downstream concentrations of boron, arsenic, and lithium in nearby rivers as compared to upstream regions. Additionally, here we show that soil samples exhibit repeated breaches of remediation limit values with environmental consequences on both surface and underground waters. With the opening of the mine, problems will be multiplied by the tailings pond, mine wastewater, noise, air pollution, and light pollution, endangering the lives of numerous local communities and destroying their freshwater sources, agricultural land, livestock, and assets.
PB  - Nature Research
T2  - Scientific Reports
T1  - The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia
IS  - 1
VL  - 14
DO  - 10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9
UR  - conv_1856
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Đorđević, D. and Tadić, J.M. and Grgur, B. and Ristić, Ratko and Sakan, S. and Brezjanović, J. and Stevanović, V. and Šolaja, B.",
year = "2024",
abstract = "The proposed exploitation of the Jadar Valley lithium/borate deposit in Serbia, by the Rio Tinto Corporation, indicates that it would become large-scale processing of boron- and lithium-containing ore. It would be one of the world’s very first lithium mines in populated and agricultural area. The company claims that the envisioned mining will be in accordance with environmental protection requirements. The Jadar Valley deposits have been claimed to cover 90% of Europe’s current lithium needs. Yet, local opposition to the mining has arisen due to potential devastating impacts on groundwater, soil, water usage, biodiversity loss, and waste accumulation. Research drilling by the mining company has already produced environmental damage, with mine water containing high levels of boron leaking from exploratory wells and causing crops to dry out. Furthermore, our investigations reveal substantially elevated downstream concentrations of boron, arsenic, and lithium in nearby rivers as compared to upstream regions. Additionally, here we show that soil samples exhibit repeated breaches of remediation limit values with environmental consequences on both surface and underground waters. With the opening of the mine, problems will be multiplied by the tailings pond, mine wastewater, noise, air pollution, and light pollution, endangering the lives of numerous local communities and destroying their freshwater sources, agricultural land, livestock, and assets.",
publisher = "Nature Research",
journal = "Scientific Reports",
title = "The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia",
number = "1",
volume = "14",
doi = "10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9",
url = "conv_1856"
}
Đorđević, D., Tadić, J.M., Grgur, B., Ristić, R., Sakan, S., Brezjanović, J., Stevanović, V.,& Šolaja, B.. (2024). The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia. in Scientific Reports
Nature Research., 14(1).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9
conv_1856
Đorđević D, Tadić J, Grgur B, Ristić R, Sakan S, Brezjanović J, Stevanović V, Šolaja B. The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia. in Scientific Reports. 2024;14(1).
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9
conv_1856 .
Đorđević, D., Tadić, J.M., Grgur, B., Ristić, Ratko, Sakan, S., Brezjanović, J., Stevanović, V., Šolaja, B., "The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia" in Scientific Reports, 14, no. 1 (2024),
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9 .,
conv_1856 .
3
1

Correction to: The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia (Scientific Reports, (2024), 14, 1, (17090), 10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9)

Đorđević, D.; Tadić, J.M.; Grgur, B.; Ristić, Ratko; Sakan, S.; Brezjanović, J.; Stevanović, V.; Šolaja, B.

(Nature Research, 2024)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Đorđević, D.
AU  - Tadić, J.M.
AU  - Grgur, B.
AU  - Ristić, Ratko
AU  - Sakan, S.
AU  - Brezjanović, J.
AU  - Stevanović, V.
AU  - Šolaja, B.
PY  - 2024
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1474
AB  - Correction to: Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9, published online 24 July 2024 The original version of this Article contained errors. Original Ref 10 was not appropriate reference to support the statement where it was cited. It is therefore now replaced by a new Ref 10, and new Ref 11 and 12 are further added to support this statement. As a result, in the Introduction, “The easiest and least environmentally damaging method of exploiting lithium is from brines, while exploitation from ore rocks has severe environmental consequences10.” now reads: “The easiest and least environmentally damaging method of exploiting lithium is from brines, while exploitation from ore rocks has severe environmental consequences10,11, 12.” and in References, “10. Liu, W., Agusdinata, D. B. & Myint, S. W. Spatiotemporal patterns of lithium mining and environmental degradation in the Atacama Salt Flat, Chile. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 80, 145–156 (2019).” now reads: “10. Songyan Jiang, Ling Zhang, Fengying Li, Hui Hua, Xin Liu, Zengwei Yuan, Huijun Wu, Environmental impacts of lithium production showing the importance of primary data of upstream process in life-cycle assessment. Journal of Environmental Management 262 (2020) 110253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110253” New Ref 11 and 12 are: 11. Guozeng Gu, Tianming Gao, Sustainable production of lithium salts extraction from ores in China: Cleaner production assessment. Resources Policy 74 (2021) 102261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102261. 12. Shayan Khakmardan, Maximilian Rolinck, Felipe Cerdas, Christoph Herrmann, Damien Giurco, Robert Crawford, Wen Li, Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium Mining, Extraction, and Refining Technologies: a Global Perspective. 30th CIRP Life Cycle Engineering Conference. Procedia CIRP 116 (2023) 606–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.02.102. All subsequent references were re-ordered accordingly. Secondly, as a result of a mix-up with data sources the special coverage of the Jadar project was incorrectly estimated. Additionally, one of the numbers was given incorrectly due to a typo. This is now corrected using original Ref 28 (now Ref 30) as a sole source of information. In ‘Ecological risk assessment of the Jadar lithium mine in Western Serbia’, “The preliminary estimated spatial coverage of the Jadar project is between 2031 and 2431 ha, with 533 ha of land expected to be destroyed during the initial phase of the project implementation. Of the land to be destroyed, 203 ha are forests, and 317 ha is arable land.” now reads: “The preliminary estimated spatial coverage of the Jadar project is 2031, with 533 ha of land expected to be destroyed during the initial phase of the project implementation. Of the land to be destroyed, 206.5 ha are forests, and 173 ha is arable land.” Additionally, original Ref 27 was incorrectly used in the same section. It was now removed – original Ref 31 (now Ref 33) cited at the end of the paragraph supports it in its entirety. As a result, in ‘Ecological risk assessment of the Jadar lithium mine in Western Serbia’, “The planned “Jadar” project is expected to cause significant habitat destruction and fragmentation, resulting in severe negative impacts on the living world, including several hundred plant and animal species. Among these species, 145 have protected and strictly protected status27. The project would also threaten the isolated eastern enclave of T. scorodonia, a sub-Atlantic species located more than 600 km away from the nearest western population. Additionally, the rare fern Dryopteris and 20 other rare species would disappear from the site of the planned tailings lands, as reported by Krizmanić et al. in 202131.” now reads: “The planned “Jadar” project is expected to cause significant habitat destruction and fragmentation, resulting in severe negative impacts on the living world, including several hundred plant and animal species. Among these species, 145 have protected and strictly protected status. The project would also threaten the isolated eastern enclave of T. scorodonia, a sub-Atlantic species located more than 600 km away from the nearest western population. Additionally, the rare fern Dryopteris and 20 other rare species would disappear from the site of the planned tailings lands, as reported by Krizmanić et al. in 202133.” Incorrect annual production tonnages were used when discussing the previous feasibility study. In ‘Eco‑chemical risk of jadarite mining and lithium extraction’, “Based on a feasibility study45, the annual production of Li2CO3 would be 50,000 t/year, and B(OH)3 production would reach 248,000 t/year.” now reads: “Based on a feasibility study47, the annual production of Li2CO3 would be 58,000 t/year, and B(OH)3 production would reach 286,000 t/year.” Additionally, in the same section, “We predict that with the mine opening, in addition to the presented problems that will multiply, new problems would arise due to pond tailings the company plans to place next to the two torrential rivers Korenita and Jadar and also in Štavica River valley uphill from the lithium boron mine and ore processing plant.“ now reads “We predict that with the mine opening, in addition to the presented problems that will multiply, new problems would arise due to tailings the company plans to place next to the two torrential rivers Korenita and Jadar and also in Štavica River valley uphill from the lithium boron mine and ore processing plant. The landfill in Štavica river would block river’s free flow and create a pond.” In ‘Socio‑environmental risks of Rio‑Tinto’s jadarite mining project in Serbia’, “During the initial stages of the proposed mining project, some residents allowed sample drilling on their properties without realizing that their land was located on the planned tailings pond.” now reads: “During the initial stages of the proposed mining project, some residents allowed sample drilling on their properties without realizing that their land was located on the planned tailings.” In original Ref 31 (now Ref 33), an initial of one of the authors was incorrect: “Anđelković, A.” in the author list now reads “Anđelković, M”. Finally, in the Supplemental Information 1, a methodological description of the sample collection and preparation, ICP-OES measurements, and calibration was also included (as a result, SI file contains new References 4–10; subsequent references were re-ordered accordingly). The original version of this Article and the associated supplementary materials were corrected.
PB  - Nature Research
T2  - Scientific Reports
T1  - Correction to: The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia (Scientific Reports, (2024), 14, 1, (17090), 10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9)
IS  - 1
VL  - 14
DO  - 10.1038/s41598-024-75442-w
UR  - conv_1862
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Đorđević, D. and Tadić, J.M. and Grgur, B. and Ristić, Ratko and Sakan, S. and Brezjanović, J. and Stevanović, V. and Šolaja, B.",
year = "2024",
abstract = "Correction to: Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9, published online 24 July 2024 The original version of this Article contained errors. Original Ref 10 was not appropriate reference to support the statement where it was cited. It is therefore now replaced by a new Ref 10, and new Ref 11 and 12 are further added to support this statement. As a result, in the Introduction, “The easiest and least environmentally damaging method of exploiting lithium is from brines, while exploitation from ore rocks has severe environmental consequences10.” now reads: “The easiest and least environmentally damaging method of exploiting lithium is from brines, while exploitation from ore rocks has severe environmental consequences10,11, 12.” and in References, “10. Liu, W., Agusdinata, D. B. & Myint, S. W. Spatiotemporal patterns of lithium mining and environmental degradation in the Atacama Salt Flat, Chile. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. 80, 145–156 (2019).” now reads: “10. Songyan Jiang, Ling Zhang, Fengying Li, Hui Hua, Xin Liu, Zengwei Yuan, Huijun Wu, Environmental impacts of lithium production showing the importance of primary data of upstream process in life-cycle assessment. Journal of Environmental Management 262 (2020) 110253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110253” New Ref 11 and 12 are: 11. Guozeng Gu, Tianming Gao, Sustainable production of lithium salts extraction from ores in China: Cleaner production assessment. Resources Policy 74 (2021) 102261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102261. 12. Shayan Khakmardan, Maximilian Rolinck, Felipe Cerdas, Christoph Herrmann, Damien Giurco, Robert Crawford, Wen Li, Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium Mining, Extraction, and Refining Technologies: a Global Perspective. 30th CIRP Life Cycle Engineering Conference. Procedia CIRP 116 (2023) 606–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.02.102. All subsequent references were re-ordered accordingly. Secondly, as a result of a mix-up with data sources the special coverage of the Jadar project was incorrectly estimated. Additionally, one of the numbers was given incorrectly due to a typo. This is now corrected using original Ref 28 (now Ref 30) as a sole source of information. In ‘Ecological risk assessment of the Jadar lithium mine in Western Serbia’, “The preliminary estimated spatial coverage of the Jadar project is between 2031 and 2431 ha, with 533 ha of land expected to be destroyed during the initial phase of the project implementation. Of the land to be destroyed, 203 ha are forests, and 317 ha is arable land.” now reads: “The preliminary estimated spatial coverage of the Jadar project is 2031, with 533 ha of land expected to be destroyed during the initial phase of the project implementation. Of the land to be destroyed, 206.5 ha are forests, and 173 ha is arable land.” Additionally, original Ref 27 was incorrectly used in the same section. It was now removed – original Ref 31 (now Ref 33) cited at the end of the paragraph supports it in its entirety. As a result, in ‘Ecological risk assessment of the Jadar lithium mine in Western Serbia’, “The planned “Jadar” project is expected to cause significant habitat destruction and fragmentation, resulting in severe negative impacts on the living world, including several hundred plant and animal species. Among these species, 145 have protected and strictly protected status27. The project would also threaten the isolated eastern enclave of T. scorodonia, a sub-Atlantic species located more than 600 km away from the nearest western population. Additionally, the rare fern Dryopteris and 20 other rare species would disappear from the site of the planned tailings lands, as reported by Krizmanić et al. in 202131.” now reads: “The planned “Jadar” project is expected to cause significant habitat destruction and fragmentation, resulting in severe negative impacts on the living world, including several hundred plant and animal species. Among these species, 145 have protected and strictly protected status. The project would also threaten the isolated eastern enclave of T. scorodonia, a sub-Atlantic species located more than 600 km away from the nearest western population. Additionally, the rare fern Dryopteris and 20 other rare species would disappear from the site of the planned tailings lands, as reported by Krizmanić et al. in 202133.” Incorrect annual production tonnages were used when discussing the previous feasibility study. In ‘Eco‑chemical risk of jadarite mining and lithium extraction’, “Based on a feasibility study45, the annual production of Li2CO3 would be 50,000 t/year, and B(OH)3 production would reach 248,000 t/year.” now reads: “Based on a feasibility study47, the annual production of Li2CO3 would be 58,000 t/year, and B(OH)3 production would reach 286,000 t/year.” Additionally, in the same section, “We predict that with the mine opening, in addition to the presented problems that will multiply, new problems would arise due to pond tailings the company plans to place next to the two torrential rivers Korenita and Jadar and also in Štavica River valley uphill from the lithium boron mine and ore processing plant.“ now reads “We predict that with the mine opening, in addition to the presented problems that will multiply, new problems would arise due to tailings the company plans to place next to the two torrential rivers Korenita and Jadar and also in Štavica River valley uphill from the lithium boron mine and ore processing plant. The landfill in Štavica river would block river’s free flow and create a pond.” In ‘Socio‑environmental risks of Rio‑Tinto’s jadarite mining project in Serbia’, “During the initial stages of the proposed mining project, some residents allowed sample drilling on their properties without realizing that their land was located on the planned tailings pond.” now reads: “During the initial stages of the proposed mining project, some residents allowed sample drilling on their properties without realizing that their land was located on the planned tailings.” In original Ref 31 (now Ref 33), an initial of one of the authors was incorrect: “Anđelković, A.” in the author list now reads “Anđelković, M”. Finally, in the Supplemental Information 1, a methodological description of the sample collection and preparation, ICP-OES measurements, and calibration was also included (as a result, SI file contains new References 4–10; subsequent references were re-ordered accordingly). The original version of this Article and the associated supplementary materials were corrected.",
publisher = "Nature Research",
journal = "Scientific Reports",
title = "Correction to: The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia (Scientific Reports, (2024), 14, 1, (17090), 10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9)",
number = "1",
volume = "14",
doi = "10.1038/s41598-024-75442-w",
url = "conv_1862"
}
Đorđević, D., Tadić, J.M., Grgur, B., Ristić, R., Sakan, S., Brezjanović, J., Stevanović, V.,& Šolaja, B.. (2024). Correction to: The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia (Scientific Reports, (2024), 14, 1, (17090), 10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9). in Scientific Reports
Nature Research., 14(1).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75442-w
conv_1862
Đorđević D, Tadić J, Grgur B, Ristić R, Sakan S, Brezjanović J, Stevanović V, Šolaja B. Correction to: The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia (Scientific Reports, (2024), 14, 1, (17090), 10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9). in Scientific Reports. 2024;14(1).
doi:10.1038/s41598-024-75442-w
conv_1862 .
Đorđević, D., Tadić, J.M., Grgur, B., Ristić, Ratko, Sakan, S., Brezjanović, J., Stevanović, V., Šolaja, B., "Correction to: The influence of exploration activities of a potential lithium mine to the environment in Western Serbia (Scientific Reports, (2024), 14, 1, (17090), 10.1038/s41598-024-68072-9)" in Scientific Reports, 14, no. 1 (2024),
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75442-w .,
conv_1862 .