TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bauer Živković, Andrijana
AU  - Šijačić Nikolić, Mirjana
AU  - Stojanović, Dejan
AU  - Orlović, Saša
AU  - Kovačević, Branislav
PY  - 2025
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1525
AB  - Variability and relationship between phenological traits and leaf, acorn, and
tree size morphometric traits were examined in early and late bud-flushing groups of the
pedunculate oak population in the vicinity of Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia. According to
the obtained three-year results, there were no significant differences in tree size and leaf
morphometric characteristics between the early and late group. The effect of trees within
phenological groups was statistically significant and considerable, especially in leaf blade
width (lbw) and leaf area (la). Acorn length (acl) and acorn index (acinx) were significantly
influenced by phenological group, achieving moderate contribution of phenological group
to the total variation. There was a clear effect of phenological group on variation of
examined phenological traits. The effect of year of monitoring on the same traits was
not significant, but there was a clear effect of interaction between phenological group
and year, especially in case of traits describing the period from bud swelling until the
emergence of wrinkled leaves (f12a), unfolded leaves (f12b), and fully developed leaves
(f12g) and their ratio with the period from 8 March until the emergence of wrinkled leaves:
f12b/f02a and f12g/f02a ratio. Earlier phenology in warmer years is clearer in the early
bud-flushing group than in the late one. Periods between different bud swelling and
f12a, f12b, and f12g phenological phases were significantly shorter in 2017 (with a warm
April) than in 2015 (with moderate temperatures in March and April) in the early group,
but significantly longer in the late group. Examined traits were classified in six groups
based on their factorial loadings with the first six principal components rotated by Varimax
method, revealing strict distinction between traits by their original nature. In that sense,
all examined groups of traits could be considered as informative in variability studies of
pedunculate oak. The tree size traits (tree height and diameter at breast height) formed
the separate, fifth group, suggesting no close relationship of these traits with any other
examined characteristic. Both cluster analysis and PCA suggest distinct classification by
trees’ phenology, but also considerable differences by the second principal component
which is closely related to leaf size characteristics. The research should be continued on
variability between populations and progenies, especially with respect to phenological and
acorn morphometric traits. Understanding the phenological variations between early and
late oaks could be essential for designing robust forest adaptation management strategies.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Forests
T1  - Variability and Relationship Between Phenological and Morphological Traits in Early and Late Pedunculate Oak
IS  - 2
SP  - 198
VL  - 16
DO  - 10.3390/f16020198
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bauer Živković, Andrijana and Šijačić Nikolić, Mirjana and Stojanović, Dejan and Orlović, Saša and Kovačević, Branislav",
year = "2025",
abstract = "Variability and relationship between phenological traits and leaf, acorn, and
tree size morphometric traits were examined in early and late bud-flushing groups of the
pedunculate oak population in the vicinity of Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia. According to
the obtained three-year results, there were no significant differences in tree size and leaf
morphometric characteristics between the early and late group. The effect of trees within
phenological groups was statistically significant and considerable, especially in leaf blade
width (lbw) and leaf area (la). Acorn length (acl) and acorn index (acinx) were significantly
influenced by phenological group, achieving moderate contribution of phenological group
to the total variation. There was a clear effect of phenological group on variation of
examined phenological traits. The effect of year of monitoring on the same traits was
not significant, but there was a clear effect of interaction between phenological group
and year, especially in case of traits describing the period from bud swelling until the
emergence of wrinkled leaves (f12a), unfolded leaves (f12b), and fully developed leaves
(f12g) and their ratio with the period from 8 March until the emergence of wrinkled leaves:
f12b/f02a and f12g/f02a ratio. Earlier phenology in warmer years is clearer in the early
bud-flushing group than in the late one. Periods between different bud swelling and
f12a, f12b, and f12g phenological phases were significantly shorter in 2017 (with a warm
April) than in 2015 (with moderate temperatures in March and April) in the early group,
but significantly longer in the late group. Examined traits were classified in six groups
based on their factorial loadings with the first six principal components rotated by Varimax
method, revealing strict distinction between traits by their original nature. In that sense,
all examined groups of traits could be considered as informative in variability studies of
pedunculate oak. The tree size traits (tree height and diameter at breast height) formed
the separate, fifth group, suggesting no close relationship of these traits with any other
examined characteristic. Both cluster analysis and PCA suggest distinct classification by
trees’ phenology, but also considerable differences by the second principal component
which is closely related to leaf size characteristics. The research should be continued on
variability between populations and progenies, especially with respect to phenological and
acorn morphometric traits. Understanding the phenological variations between early and
late oaks could be essential for designing robust forest adaptation management strategies.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Forests",
title = "Variability and Relationship Between Phenological and Morphological Traits in Early and Late Pedunculate Oak",
number = "2",
pages = "198",
volume = "16",
doi = "10.3390/f16020198"
}

Bauer Živković, A., Šijačić Nikolić, M., Stojanović, D., Orlović, S.,& Kovačević, B.. (2025). Variability and Relationship Between Phenological and Morphological Traits in Early and Late Pedunculate Oak. in Forests
MDPI., 16(2), 198.
https://doi.org/10.3390/f16020198

Bauer Živković A, Šijačić Nikolić M, Stojanović D, Orlović S, Kovačević B. Variability and Relationship Between Phenological and Morphological Traits in Early and Late Pedunculate Oak. in Forests. 2025;16(2):198.
doi:10.3390/f16020198 .

Bauer Živković, Andrijana, Šijačić Nikolić, Mirjana, Stojanović, Dejan, Orlović, Saša, Kovačević, Branislav, "Variability and Relationship Between Phenological and Morphological Traits in Early and Late Pedunculate Oak" in Forests, 16, no. 2 (2025):198,
https://doi.org/10.3390/f16020198 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Šušić, Nikola
AU  - Bobinac, Martin
AU  - Šijačić-Nikolić, Mirjana
AU  - Bauer-Živković, Andrijana
AU  - Urošević, Jelena
AU  - Kerkez-Janković, Ivona
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1076
AB  - The paper presents the growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species (Fagaceae family): Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.), Hungarian oak (Quercus frainetto Ten.) and downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) in suboptimal growing conditions. The analyzed oak species are widely distributed in Serbia. One of the most important benefits of oak species is wood production (Hungarian and Turkey oak), and they have a promising role for the use in the future regarding the climate change as all species can be encountered on dry sites. Acorns were collected in the autumn of 2017 in natural stands and a sample of 400 acorns per each oak species was immediately sown in a nursery seedbed in the form of a random block system with four replicates. At the end of 2018, the available sample of seedlings was analyzed morphometrically. The seedlings were classified according to the number of shoot growth flushes into one-flush-growth and multi-flush growth seedlings. Turkey Oak had the highest number of seedlings which also recorded higher values in total height, root collar diameter and number of leaves. These results were obtained on alkaline soil with the presence of weeds and rodents and the absence of irrigating. The presence of multi-flush growth was recorded in all three oak species. Differences between analyzed three oak species exist in these suboptimal conditions. However, in full light conditions, a similar growth pattern was recorded, indicating to the similar adaptability of the species.
PB  - SPS Reforesta, Beograd
T2  - Reforesta
T1  - Growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species in suboptimal growing conditions
EP  - 32
IS  - 7
SP  - 24
DO  - 10.21750/REFOR.7.03.65
UR  - conv_804
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Šušić, Nikola and Bobinac, Martin and Šijačić-Nikolić, Mirjana and Bauer-Živković, Andrijana and Urošević, Jelena and Kerkez-Janković, Ivona",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The paper presents the growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species (Fagaceae family): Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.), Hungarian oak (Quercus frainetto Ten.) and downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) in suboptimal growing conditions. The analyzed oak species are widely distributed in Serbia. One of the most important benefits of oak species is wood production (Hungarian and Turkey oak), and they have a promising role for the use in the future regarding the climate change as all species can be encountered on dry sites. Acorns were collected in the autumn of 2017 in natural stands and a sample of 400 acorns per each oak species was immediately sown in a nursery seedbed in the form of a random block system with four replicates. At the end of 2018, the available sample of seedlings was analyzed morphometrically. The seedlings were classified according to the number of shoot growth flushes into one-flush-growth and multi-flush growth seedlings. Turkey Oak had the highest number of seedlings which also recorded higher values in total height, root collar diameter and number of leaves. These results were obtained on alkaline soil with the presence of weeds and rodents and the absence of irrigating. The presence of multi-flush growth was recorded in all three oak species. Differences between analyzed three oak species exist in these suboptimal conditions. However, in full light conditions, a similar growth pattern was recorded, indicating to the similar adaptability of the species.",
publisher = "SPS Reforesta, Beograd",
journal = "Reforesta",
title = "Growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species in suboptimal growing conditions",
pages = "32-24",
number = "7",
doi = "10.21750/REFOR.7.03.65",
url = "conv_804"
}

Šušić, N., Bobinac, M., Šijačić-Nikolić, M., Bauer-Živković, A., Urošević, J.,& Kerkez-Janković, I.. (2019). Growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species in suboptimal growing conditions. in Reforesta
SPS Reforesta, Beograd.(7), 24-32.
https://doi.org/10.21750/REFOR.7.03.65
conv_804

Šušić N, Bobinac M, Šijačić-Nikolić M, Bauer-Živković A, Urošević J, Kerkez-Janković I. Growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species in suboptimal growing conditions. in Reforesta. 2019;(7):24-32.
doi:10.21750/REFOR.7.03.65
conv_804 .

Šušić, Nikola, Bobinac, Martin, Šijačić-Nikolić, Mirjana, Bauer-Živković, Andrijana, Urošević, Jelena, Kerkez-Janković, Ivona, "Growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species in suboptimal growing conditions" in Reforesta, no. 7 (2019):24-32,
https://doi.org/10.21750/REFOR.7.03.65 .,
conv_804 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Susić, Nikola
AU  - Bobinac, Martin
AU  - Andrasev, Sinisa
AU  - Šijačić-Nikolić, Mirjana
AU  - Bauer-Živković, Andrijana
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1077
AB  - In silviculture, the characteristics of growth of seedlings in relation to light conditions are an important indicator of the success of natural regeneration. The paper shows the growth characteristics of one-year-old Hungarian oak seedlings in full light conditions in a field experiment conducted in 2016 in the nursery of the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade. Four hundred seedlings were analyzed and classified according to the number of shoot growth flushes into three growth types: one-flush growth, two-flush growth and three-flush growth type. Within the analyzed four hundred seedlings, 39.8% belonged to the one-flush growth type, 58.2% to the two-flush growth type, and only 2.0% of the seedlings to the three-flush growth type. The one-flush growth seedlings have less leaves and lower values of height, root collar diameter and total leaf area, but they are characterized by a higher mean height of the primary axis (the height of the first growth flush), compared to the multi-flush growth seedlings. This is pointing out to different growth characteristics in the initial stage of development and during the growing season between different types of seedlings.
T2  - Šumarski list
T1  - Growth characteristics of one-year-old Hungarian oak seedlings ( quercus frainetto ten.) In full light conditions
EP  - 229
IS  - 5-6
SP  - 221
VL  - 143
DO  - 10.31298/sl.143.5-6.3
UR  - conv_1435
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Susić, Nikola and Bobinac, Martin and Andrasev, Sinisa and Šijačić-Nikolić, Mirjana and Bauer-Živković, Andrijana",
year = "2019",
abstract = "In silviculture, the characteristics of growth of seedlings in relation to light conditions are an important indicator of the success of natural regeneration. The paper shows the growth characteristics of one-year-old Hungarian oak seedlings in full light conditions in a field experiment conducted in 2016 in the nursery of the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade. Four hundred seedlings were analyzed and classified according to the number of shoot growth flushes into three growth types: one-flush growth, two-flush growth and three-flush growth type. Within the analyzed four hundred seedlings, 39.8% belonged to the one-flush growth type, 58.2% to the two-flush growth type, and only 2.0% of the seedlings to the three-flush growth type. The one-flush growth seedlings have less leaves and lower values of height, root collar diameter and total leaf area, but they are characterized by a higher mean height of the primary axis (the height of the first growth flush), compared to the multi-flush growth seedlings. This is pointing out to different growth characteristics in the initial stage of development and during the growing season between different types of seedlings.",
journal = "Šumarski list",
title = "Growth characteristics of one-year-old Hungarian oak seedlings ( quercus frainetto ten.) In full light conditions",
pages = "229-221",
number = "5-6",
volume = "143",
doi = "10.31298/sl.143.5-6.3",
url = "conv_1435"
}

Susić, N., Bobinac, M., Andrasev, S., Šijačić-Nikolić, M.,& Bauer-Živković, A.. (2019). Growth characteristics of one-year-old Hungarian oak seedlings ( quercus frainetto ten.) In full light conditions. in Šumarski list, 143(5-6), 221-229.
https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.143.5-6.3
conv_1435

Susić N, Bobinac M, Andrasev S, Šijačić-Nikolić M, Bauer-Živković A. Growth characteristics of one-year-old Hungarian oak seedlings ( quercus frainetto ten.) In full light conditions. in Šumarski list. 2019;143(5-6):221-229.
doi:10.31298/sl.143.5-6.3
conv_1435 .

Susić, Nikola, Bobinac, Martin, Andrasev, Sinisa, Šijačić-Nikolić, Mirjana, Bauer-Živković, Andrijana, "Growth characteristics of one-year-old Hungarian oak seedlings ( quercus frainetto ten.) In full light conditions" in Šumarski list, 143, no. 5-6 (2019):221-229,
https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.143.5-6.3 .,
conv_1435 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Šušić, Nikola
AU  - Bobinac, Martin
AU  - Kerkez, Ivona
AU  - Bauer-Živković, Andrijana
AU  - Vojinović, Nikola
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/748
AB  - In this nursery experiment, 100 one-year-old northern red oak seedlings were measured at the end of the 2016 growing season. Measured growth elements were: total height, root collar diameter and total leaf area. All seedlings were classified according to the presence of polycyclism into four types: one-flush growth, two-flush growth, three-flush growth, and four-flush growth type. The number of new flushes (shoots) is a good indicator of total height, root collar diameter and total leaf area.
PB  - SPS Reforesta, Beograd
T2  - Reforesta
T1  - Height growth characteristics of one-year-old northern red oak seedlings (Guercus rubra L.): In full light conditions
EP  - 38
IS  - 2
SP  - 32
VL  - 1
DO  - 10.21750/REFOR.2.04.19
UR  - conv_801
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Šušić, Nikola and Bobinac, Martin and Kerkez, Ivona and Bauer-Živković, Andrijana and Vojinović, Nikola",
year = "2016",
abstract = "In this nursery experiment, 100 one-year-old northern red oak seedlings were measured at the end of the 2016 growing season. Measured growth elements were: total height, root collar diameter and total leaf area. All seedlings were classified according to the presence of polycyclism into four types: one-flush growth, two-flush growth, three-flush growth, and four-flush growth type. The number of new flushes (shoots) is a good indicator of total height, root collar diameter and total leaf area.",
publisher = "SPS Reforesta, Beograd",
journal = "Reforesta",
title = "Height growth characteristics of one-year-old northern red oak seedlings (Guercus rubra L.): In full light conditions",
pages = "38-32",
number = "2",
volume = "1",
doi = "10.21750/REFOR.2.04.19",
url = "conv_801"
}

Šušić, N., Bobinac, M., Kerkez, I., Bauer-Živković, A.,& Vojinović, N.. (2016). Height growth characteristics of one-year-old northern red oak seedlings (Guercus rubra L.): In full light conditions. in Reforesta
SPS Reforesta, Beograd., 1(2), 32-38.
https://doi.org/10.21750/REFOR.2.04.19
conv_801

Šušić N, Bobinac M, Kerkez I, Bauer-Živković A, Vojinović N. Height growth characteristics of one-year-old northern red oak seedlings (Guercus rubra L.): In full light conditions. in Reforesta. 2016;1(2):32-38.
doi:10.21750/REFOR.2.04.19
conv_801 .

Šušić, Nikola, Bobinac, Martin, Kerkez, Ivona, Bauer-Živković, Andrijana, Vojinović, Nikola, "Height growth characteristics of one-year-old northern red oak seedlings (Guercus rubra L.): In full light conditions" in Reforesta, 1, no. 2 (2016):32-38,
https://doi.org/10.21750/REFOR.2.04.19 .,
conv_801 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bobinac, Martin
AU  - Andrašev, Siniša
AU  - Perović, Marko
AU  - Bauer-Živković, Andrijana
AU  - Jorgić, Đura
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://omorika.sfb.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/679
AB  - U radu je opisana strana vrsta Alnus cordata/Loisel./Desf. (italijanska jova, korzikanska jova, srcolika jova), (Betulaceae /Loisel./ Duby), koja do sada nije navedena u dendroflori Srbije. Stabla italijanske jove u oglednom zasadu na području Erdevika, u starosti 11 godina, imaju dobru vitalnost i karakteristike brzog rasta, a od 10. godine plodonose. Visina stabala bila je u rasponu 10,4-16,2m, a prsni prečnik 14,6-34,9cm. Morfološke karakteristike listova, plodonosnih organa ('šišarica') i muških resa nalaze se u granicama koje su prikazane za vrstu u literaturi, ali pokazuju veliku varijabilnost. Od momenta osnivanja zasada konstatovana je apsolutna minimalna temperatura vazduha na obližnjoj meteorološkoj stanici Sremska Mitrovica od -26,50C, pa se može pretpostaviti da vrsta dobro podnosi niske temperature. Na osnovu proučenih osobina, vrsta bi mogla da se gaji u Srbiji, kao dekorativna, u urbanim područjima i, kao brzorastuća, u šumskim plantažama za proizvodnju biomase.
AB  - The foreign tree species, Alnus cordata/Loisel./ Desf. (Italian alder), (Betulaceae/ Loisel./ Duby), not previously recorded in the dendroflora of Serbia, is described in this paper. Italian alder trees in an experimental plot in the area of Erdevik, aged 11 years, show good vitality and fast growth, and bear fruits since their 10th year. Tree heights are in range from 10.4 to 16.2 m, and diameters at the breast height range from14.6 to 34.9 cm. The morphological properties of leaves, fruiting organs ('cones') and male catkins are in concordance with the values in literature sources, although they show great variability. Since the time of plantation establishment, the absolute minimum air temperature in the nearby meteorological station of Sremska Mitrovica was -26.50C, so it can be assumed that the species is frost hardy. On the basis of the researched properties of Italian alder, it can be concluded that this species can be cultivated in Serbia as an ornamental in urban areas and as a fast growing species in forest plantations for biomass production.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
T1  - Italijanska jova (Alnus cordata /Loisel./ desf.) - nova vrsta za alohtonu dendrofloru Srbije
T1  - Italian alder (Alnus cordata/Loisel./ desf.): New species for allochtonous dendroflora of Serbia
EP  - 36
IS  - 111
SP  - 21
DO  - 10.2298/GSF1511021B
UR  - conv_422
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bobinac, Martin and Andrašev, Siniša and Perović, Marko and Bauer-Živković, Andrijana and Jorgić, Đura",
year = "2015",
abstract = "U radu je opisana strana vrsta Alnus cordata/Loisel./Desf. (italijanska jova, korzikanska jova, srcolika jova), (Betulaceae /Loisel./ Duby), koja do sada nije navedena u dendroflori Srbije. Stabla italijanske jove u oglednom zasadu na području Erdevika, u starosti 11 godina, imaju dobru vitalnost i karakteristike brzog rasta, a od 10. godine plodonose. Visina stabala bila je u rasponu 10,4-16,2m, a prsni prečnik 14,6-34,9cm. Morfološke karakteristike listova, plodonosnih organa ('šišarica') i muških resa nalaze se u granicama koje su prikazane za vrstu u literaturi, ali pokazuju veliku varijabilnost. Od momenta osnivanja zasada konstatovana je apsolutna minimalna temperatura vazduha na obližnjoj meteorološkoj stanici Sremska Mitrovica od -26,50C, pa se može pretpostaviti da vrsta dobro podnosi niske temperature. Na osnovu proučenih osobina, vrsta bi mogla da se gaji u Srbiji, kao dekorativna, u urbanim područjima i, kao brzorastuća, u šumskim plantažama za proizvodnju biomase., The foreign tree species, Alnus cordata/Loisel./ Desf. (Italian alder), (Betulaceae/ Loisel./ Duby), not previously recorded in the dendroflora of Serbia, is described in this paper. Italian alder trees in an experimental plot in the area of Erdevik, aged 11 years, show good vitality and fast growth, and bear fruits since their 10th year. Tree heights are in range from 10.4 to 16.2 m, and diameters at the breast height range from14.6 to 34.9 cm. The morphological properties of leaves, fruiting organs ('cones') and male catkins are in concordance with the values in literature sources, although they show great variability. Since the time of plantation establishment, the absolute minimum air temperature in the nearby meteorological station of Sremska Mitrovica was -26.50C, so it can be assumed that the species is frost hardy. On the basis of the researched properties of Italian alder, it can be concluded that this species can be cultivated in Serbia as an ornamental in urban areas and as a fast growing species in forest plantations for biomass production.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta",
title = "Italijanska jova (Alnus cordata /Loisel./ desf.) - nova vrsta za alohtonu dendrofloru Srbije, Italian alder (Alnus cordata/Loisel./ desf.): New species for allochtonous dendroflora of Serbia",
pages = "36-21",
number = "111",
doi = "10.2298/GSF1511021B",
url = "conv_422"
}

Bobinac, M., Andrašev, S., Perović, M., Bauer-Živković, A.,& Jorgić, Đ.. (2015). Italijanska jova (Alnus cordata /Loisel./ desf.) - nova vrsta za alohtonu dendrofloru Srbije. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet, Beograd.(111), 21-36.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1511021B
conv_422

Bobinac M, Andrašev S, Perović M, Bauer-Živković A, Jorgić Đ. Italijanska jova (Alnus cordata /Loisel./ desf.) - nova vrsta za alohtonu dendrofloru Srbije. in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta. 2015;(111):21-36.
doi:10.2298/GSF1511021B
conv_422 .

Bobinac, Martin, Andrašev, Siniša, Perović, Marko, Bauer-Živković, Andrijana, Jorgić, Đura, "Italijanska jova (Alnus cordata /Loisel./ desf.) - nova vrsta za alohtonu dendrofloru Srbije" in Glasnik Šumarskog fakulteta, no. 111 (2015):21-36,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1511021B .,
conv_422 .