Akumulacija ugljenika u dva prirodna pašnjaka visokoplaninskih predela srbije

Abstract

Travnjaci igraju značajnu ulogu u globalnom kruženju ugljenika, a rezerve ugljenika u travnim ekosistemima su pod uticajem ljudskih aktivnosti i prirodnih poremećaja. Cilj ovog proučavanja je da se odrede razlike u rezervama ugljenika u travnim ekosistemima na dva ogledna lokaliteta na područjima Stare planine i Zlatara (Srbija). Proučavana područja su pod prirodnim planinskim travnjacima iste zajednice (Agrostietum capillaris Pavl. 1955) i dva tipa zemljišta (Umbric Leptosol (Dystric)) i (Haplic Cambisol (Dystric)), ali sa različitim intenzitetom ispaše. Uzorkovana je nadzemna i podzemna biomasa, a zemljište po fiksnim dubinama 0-10, 10-20 i 20-40 cm. Procena rezerve ugljenika i stopa akumulacije određene su metodom Tier 2 IPCC (2003). Potencijalno mineralizujući ugljenik određen je primenom procedure sekvencijalne inkubacije u laboratorijskim uslovima. Prema dobijenim rezultatima, veća količina padavina na oglednom području na Staroj planini rezultirala je većom akumulacijom nadzemne biomase, koja je bila izložena većoj dekompoziciji in situ pokazujući tako manju količinu potencijalno mineralizujućeg ugljenika (PMC) in vitro. Takođe, količina PMC na oba lokaliteta ukazuje da je mineralizacija organske materije u zemljištu pod većim uticajem faktora vezanih za svojstva zemljišta, klimatske uslove i ispašu.

Grasslands are a major player in the global carbon cycle, although carbon stocks in grasslands are influenced by human activities and natural disturbances. The aim of this study is to determine differences in carbon stock on two test areas of grassland ecosystem in the highlands of Stara Planina and Zlatar Mountains (Serbia). The investigated sites are natural mountain grasslands of the same vegetation community (Agrostietum capillarisPavl. 1955) and soil type (Umbric Leptosol (Dystric) and Haplic Cambisol (Dystric)), but with different grazing intensity. Aboveground and belowground biomasses were measured in each sample plot, and soil was sampled at fixed depths of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm. The estimation of C stock and the rate of soil C accumulation were determined by the Tier 2 method IPCC (2003). Carbon mineralization potentials were determined via sequential incubation procedure in the laboratory conditions. According to the obtained results, the greater amount of precipitation on Mt. Stara Planina resulted in a greater accumulation of aboveground biomass, which was subjected to a greater decomposition in situ, thus showing a lower amount of PMC in vitro. In addition, potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC) among the sample plots from both sites indicates that the mineralization of soil organic matter was more influenced by the factors related to the soil characteristics, climatic conditions and grazing.