Opterećenje traktoriste bukom pri privlačenju drvnih sortimenata adaptiranim poljoprivrednim traktorom u brdsko-planinskim predelima

Abstract

Prva faza transporta drvnih sortimenata (privlačenje) se u Srbiji najčešće obavlja po vlakama adaptiranim poljoprivrednim traktorima. Kao objekat ovog istraživanja odabrana je Nastavna baza 'Goč - Gvozdac', 21. odeljenje. Snimanje podataka je obavljeno u junu 2011. godine. Transportno sredstvo kojim je upravljao vozač je traktor IMT 565 DV. Organizaciona forma rada 1T+1P (traktorista i pomoćnik). Mikrafon mernog instrumenta buke tipa Bruel & Kjaer 4189 je bio montiran na šlem traktoriste u skladu sa standardom ISO 9612:2012. Snimanje je obavljeno instrumentom Bruel & Kjaer 2250. Merene su vrednosti sledećih parametara sa pripadajućim filtrima: LAeq (dB(A)), LAIeq (dB(A)), L Cpeak (dB(C)), LZeq (dB). I zračunata opterećenja radnika bukom su najveća u toku glavnog produktivnog vremena (prazna i puna vožnja). Utvrđeno je da osmočasovna opterećenja traktoriste bukom (88 dB(A)) prelaze granične vrednosti dnevne izloženosti prema evropskom zakonodavstvu. Rezultati pokazuju da je obavezna upotreba sredstava za zaštitu sluha pri transportu drveta proučavanim transportnim sredstvom.

The first phase of transport of forest products (skidding) in Serbia is usually performed by skid trails with adapted agricultural tractors. The educational base 'Goč - Gvozdac' compartment 21 was the selected object of this research. Data recording was carried out in June 2011. The vehicle driven by the driver was an IMT 565 DV tractor. The organizational form of work was 1T + 1P (tractor driver and assistant). The microphone of a Bruel & Kjaer 4189 noise measuring instrument was mounted on the helmet of the tractor driver in accordance with the ISO 9612: 2012 standard. The recording was performed with a Bruel & Kjaer 2250 instrument. The values of the following parameters with appropriate filters: LAeq (dB(A)), LAIeq ( dB(A)), L Cpeak (dB(C)), LZeq ( dB) w ere m easured. T he measured exposure of the workers to noise was the highest in the course of the main productive time (empty or full drive). It was found that the eight-hour exposure to noise of the driver (88 dB (A)) exceeds the limit value of daily exposure according to European legislation. The results show that it is necessary for drivers to use hearing protection equipment when transporting wood with the studied transportation vehicle.