Analiza prostornog rasporeda stabala u šumskim sastojinama

Abstract

U istraživanjima sastojinske strukture u šumarstvu Srbije do sada nisu korišćene analize horizontalnog razmeštaja stabala. Imajući u vidu veliku privrednu i ekološku aplikativnost posedovanja ovakvih informacija, u radu se tretira problematika numeričke deskripcije oblika prostornog rasporeda stabala. Korišćeni su tzv. metodi statističkih distribucija i indeksa disperzije. Rezultati istraživanja u raznodobnoj mešovitoj sastojini jele i bukve i zreloj čistoj sastojini jele na planini Goč pokazali su da se sva stabla zajedno, ali i razdvojeno po vrstama, raspoređuju pretežno slučajno u prostoru, sa tendencijama ka slabijoj ili jačoj agregaciji ili ravnomernosti. Na osnovu utvrđenog prostornog razmeštaja stabala izvodi se zaključak o homogenosti okoline i jednakosti osnovnih uslova za rast stabala na većem delu istraživanih sastojina i ukazuje na činjenicu da realno sagledavanje tokova rasta i konkurencije jele i bukve, zbog konstatovanog nepostojanja izraženije međusobne konkurentnosti u pogledu osnovnih faktora rasta, pretpostavlja, pre svega, kvantifikovanje konkurencije u odnosu na veličinu prostora za rast. .

The analyses of the horizontal distribution of trees have not been used in the research of stand structure in Serbia’s forestry to date. Taking into account the high economic and ecological applicability of such information, this paper deals with the numerical description of the form of spatial distribution of trees. The applied methods are the so-called methods of statistical distributions and dispersion index. The study results in the all-aged mixed stand of fir and beech and in the mature pure stand of fir on the mountain Goč show that all trees together, but also the trees per species, are predominantly randomly distributed in space, with the tendencies towards a weaker or stronger aggregation or uniformity. Based on the identified spatial distribution of trees, it can be concluded that in the greater part of the study stands the environment is homogeneous and the basic conditions of tree growth are uniform. This points to the fact that real assessment of growth development and the competition of fir and beech, due to the identified absence of a marked competition for the basic growth factors, emphasizes, primarily, the quantification of the competition for growth space. .